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| </head> |
| <body class="article"> |
| <div id="header"> |
| </div> |
| <div id="content"> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_git_repository_format_versions">Git Repository Format Versions</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Every git repository is marked with a numeric version in the |
| <code>core.repositoryformatversion</code> key of its <code>config</code> file. This version |
| specifies the rules for operating on the on-disk repository data. An |
| implementation of git which does not understand a particular version |
| advertised by an on-disk repository MUST NOT operate on that repository; |
| doing so risks not only producing wrong results, but actually losing |
| data.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Because of this rule, version bumps should be kept to an absolute |
| minimum. Instead, we generally prefer these strategies:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>bumping format version numbers of individual data files (e.g., |
| index, packfiles, etc). This restricts the incompatibilities only to |
| those files.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>introducing new data that gracefully degrades when used by older |
| clients (e.g., pack bitmap files are ignored by older clients, which |
| simply do not take advantage of the optimization they provide).</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A whole-repository format version bump should only be part of a change |
| that cannot be independently versioned. For instance, if one were to |
| change the reachability rules for objects, or the rules for locking |
| refs, that would require a bump of the repository format version.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Note that this applies only to accessing the repository’s disk contents |
| directly. An older client which understands only format <code>0</code> may still |
| connect via <code>git://</code> to a repository using format <code>1</code>, as long as the |
| server process understands format <code>1</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The preferred strategy for rolling out a version bump (whether whole |
| repository or for a single file) is to teach git to read the new format, |
| and allow writing the new format with a config switch or command line |
| option (for experimentation or for those who do not care about backwards |
| compatibility with older gits). Then after a long period to allow the |
| reading capability to become common, we may switch to writing the new |
| format by default.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The currently defined format versions are:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_version_0">Version <code>0</code></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This is the format defined by the initial version of git, including but |
| not limited to the format of the repository directory, the repository |
| configuration file, and the object and ref storage. Specifying the |
| complete behavior of git is beyond the scope of this document.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_version_1">Version <code>1</code></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This format is identical to version <code>0</code>, with the following exceptions:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="olist arabic"> |
| <ol class="arabic"> |
| <li> |
| <p>When reading the <code>core.repositoryformatversion</code> variable, a git |
| implementation which supports version 1 MUST also read any |
| configuration keys found in the <code>extensions</code> section of the |
| configuration file.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>If a version-1 repository specifies any <code>extensions.*</code> keys that |
| the running git has not implemented, the operation MUST NOT |
| proceed. Similarly, if the value of any known key is not understood |
| by the implementation, the operation MUST NOT proceed.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ol> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Note that if no extensions are specified in the config file, then |
| <code>core.repositoryformatversion</code> SHOULD be set to <code>0</code> (setting it to <code>1</code> |
| provides no benefit, and makes the repository incompatible with older |
| implementations of git).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The defined extensions are given in the <code>extensions.*</code> section of |
| <a href="../git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>. Any implementation wishing to define a new |
| extension should make a note of it there, in order to claim the name.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div id="footer"> |
| <div id="footer-text"> |
| Last updated 2025-06-20 18:10:42 -0700 |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </body> |
| </html> |
