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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>git-cvsimport(1) Manual Page</h1>
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-cvsimport - Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git cvsimport</em> [-o &lt;branch-for-HEAD&gt;] [-h] [-v] [-d &lt;CVSROOT&gt;]
              [-A &lt;author-conv-file&gt;] [-p &lt;options-for-cvsps&gt;] [-P &lt;file&gt;]
              [-C &lt;git-repository&gt;] [-z &lt;fuzz&gt;] [-i] [-k] [-u] [-s &lt;subst&gt;]
              [-a] [-m] [-M &lt;regex&gt;] [-S &lt;regex&gt;] [-L &lt;commit-limit&gt;]
              [-r &lt;remote&gt;] [-R] [&lt;CVS-module&gt;]</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>WARNING:</strong> <code>git</code> <code>cvsimport</code> uses cvsps version 2, which is considered
deprecated; it does not work with cvsps version 3 and later.  If you are
performing a one-shot import of a CVS repository consider using
<a href="http://cvs2svn.tigris.org/cvs2git.html">cvs2git</a> or
<a href="https://gitlab.com/esr/cvs-fast-export">cvs-fast-export</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Imports a CVS repository into Git. It will either create a new
repository, or incrementally import into an existing one.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Splitting the CVS log into patch sets is done by <em>cvsps</em>.
At least version 2.1 is required.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>WARNING:</strong> for certain situations the import leads to incorrect results.
Please see the section <a href="#issues">ISSUES</a> for further reference.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You should <strong>never</strong> do any work of your own on the branches that are
created by <em>git cvsimport</em>.  By default initial import will create and populate a
"master" branch from the CVS repository&#8217;s main branch which you&#8217;re free
to work with; after that, you need to <em>git merge</em> incremental imports, or
any CVS branches, yourself.  It is advisable to specify a named remote via
-r to separate and protect the incoming branches.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you intend to set up a shared public repository that all developers can
read/write, or if you want to use <a href="git-cvsserver.html">git-cvsserver(1)</a>, then you
probably want to make a bare clone of the imported repository,
and use the clone as the shared repository.
See <a href="gitcvs-migration.html">gitcvs-migration(7)</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">-v</dt>
<dd>
<p>Verbosity: let <em>cvsimport</em> report what it is doing.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-d &lt;CVSROOT&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>The root of the CVS archive. May be local (a simple path) or remote;
currently, only the :local:, :ext: and :pserver: access methods
are supported. If not given, <em>git cvsimport</em> will try to read it
from <code>CVS/Root</code>. If no such file exists, it checks for the
<code>CVSROOT</code> environment variable.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">&lt;CVS-module&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>The CVS module you want to import. Relative to &lt;CVSROOT&gt;.
If not given, <em>git cvsimport</em> tries to read it from
<code>CVS/Repository</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-C &lt;target-dir&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>The Git repository to import to.  If the directory doesn&#8217;t
       exist, it will be created.  Default is the current directory.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-r &lt;remote&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>The Git remote to import this CVS repository into.
Moves all CVS branches into remotes/&lt;remote&gt;/&lt;branch&gt;
akin to the way <em>git clone</em> uses <em>origin</em> by default.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-o &lt;branch-for-HEAD&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>When no remote is specified (via -r) the <code>HEAD</code> branch
from CVS is imported to the <em>origin</em> branch within the Git
repository, as <code>HEAD</code> already has a special meaning for Git.
When a remote is specified the <code>HEAD</code> branch is named
remotes/&lt;remote&gt;/master mirroring <em>git clone</em> behaviour.
Use this option if you want to import into a different
branch.</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Use <em>-o master</em> for continuing an import that was initially done by
the old cvs2git tool.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-i</dt>
<dd>
<p>Import-only: don&#8217;t perform a checkout after importing.  This option
ensures the working directory and index remain untouched and will
not create them if they do not exist.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-k</dt>
<dd>
<p>Kill keywords: will extract files with <em>-kk</em> from the CVS archive
to avoid noisy changesets. Highly recommended, but off by default
to preserve compatibility with early imported trees.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-u</dt>
<dd>
<p>Convert underscores in tag and branch names to dots.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-s &lt;subst&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Substitute the character "/" in branch names with &lt;subst&gt;</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-p &lt;options-for-cvsps&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Additional options for cvsps.
The options <code>-u</code> and <em>-A</em> are implicit and should not be used here.</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-z &lt;fuzz&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Pass the timestamp fuzz factor to cvsps, in seconds. If unset,
cvsps defaults to 300s.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-P &lt;cvsps-output-file&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Instead of calling cvsps, read the provided cvsps output file. Useful
for debugging or when cvsps is being handled outside cvsimport.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-m</dt>
<dd>
<p>Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message. This option
will enable default regexes that try to capture the source
branch name from the commit message.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-M &lt;regex&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message with a custom
regex. It can be used with <code>-m</code> to enable the default regexes
as well. You must escape forward slashes.</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The regex must capture the source branch name in $1.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This option can be used several times to provide several detection regexes.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-S &lt;regex&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Skip paths matching the regex.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-a</dt>
<dd>
<p>Import all commits, including recent ones. cvsimport by default
skips commits that have a timestamp less than 10 minutes ago.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-L &lt;limit&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Limit the number of commits imported. Workaround for cases where
cvsimport leaks memory.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-A &lt;author-conv-file&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>CVS by default uses the Unix username when writing its
commit logs. Using this option and an author-conv-file
maps the name recorded in CVS to author name, e-mail and
optional time zone:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>        exon=Andreas Ericsson &lt;ae@op5.se&gt;
        spawn=Simon Pawn &lt;spawn@frog-pond.org&gt; America/Chicago</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><em>git cvsimport</em> will make it appear as those authors had
their GIT_AUTHOR_NAME and GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL set properly
all along.  If a time zone is specified, GIT_AUTHOR_DATE will
have the corresponding offset applied.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>For convenience, this data is saved to <code>$GIT_DIR/cvs-authors</code>
each time the <em>-A</em> option is provided and read from that same
file each time <em>git cvsimport</em> is run.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>It is not recommended to use this feature if you intend to
export changes back to CVS again later with
<em>git cvsexportcommit</em>.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-R</dt>
<dd>
<p>Generate a <code>$GIT_DIR/cvs-revisions</code> file containing a mapping from CVS
revision numbers to newly-created Git commit IDs.  The generated file
will contain one line for each (filename, revision) pair imported;
each line will look like</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>src/widget.c 1.1 1d862f173cdc7325b6fa6d2ae1cfd61fd1b512b7</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The revision data is appended to the file if it already exists, for use when
doing incremental imports.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This option may be useful if you have CVS revision numbers stored in commit
messages, bug-tracking systems, email archives, and the like.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-h</dt>
<dd>
<p>Print a short usage message and exit.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_output">OUTPUT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If <code>-v</code> is specified, the script reports what it is doing.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Otherwise, success is indicated the Unix way, i.e. by simply exiting with
a zero exit status.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="issues">ISSUES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Problems related to timestamps:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>If timestamps of commits in the CVS repository are not stable enough
to be used for ordering commits changes may show up in the wrong
order.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If any files were ever "cvs import"ed more than once (e.g., import of
more than one vendor release) the HEAD contains the wrong content.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the timestamp order of different files cross the revision order
within the commit matching time window the order of commits may be
wrong.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Problems related to branches:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Branches on which no commits have been made are not imported.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>All files from the branching point are added to a branch even if
never added in CVS.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>This applies to files added to the source branch <strong>after</strong> a daughter
branch was created: if previously no commit was made on the daughter
branch they will erroneously be added to the daughter branch in git.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Problems related to tags:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Multiple tags on the same revision are not imported.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you suspect that any of these issues may apply to the repository you
want to import, consider using cvs2git:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>cvs2git (part of cvs2svn), <code>https://subversion.apache.org/</code></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
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