kernel/rcupdate.c

/*
 * Read-Copy Update mechanism for mutual exclusion
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
 *
 * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2001
 *
 * Authors: Dipankar Sarma <dipankar@in.ibm.com>
 *	    Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
 *
 * Based on the original work by Paul McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
 * and inputs from Rusty Russell, Andrea Arcangeli and Andi Kleen.
 * Papers:
 * http://www.rdrop.com/users/paulmck/paper/rclockpdcsproof.pdf
 * http://lse.sourceforge.net/locking/rclock_OLS.2001.05.01c.sc.pdf (OLS2001)
 *
 * For detailed explanation of Read-Copy Update mechanism see -
 *		http://lse.sourceforge.net/locking/rcupdate.html
 *
 */
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <asm/atomic.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>

enum rcu_barrier {
	RCU_BARRIER_STD,
	RCU_BARRIER_BH,
	RCU_BARRIER_SCHED,
};

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_head, rcu_barrier_head) = {NULL};
static atomic_t rcu_barrier_cpu_count;
static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_barrier_mutex);
static struct completion rcu_barrier_completion;
int rcu_scheduler_active __read_mostly;

static atomic_t rcu_migrate_type_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
static struct rcu_head rcu_migrate_head[3];
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(rcu_migrate_wq);

/*
 * Awaken the corresponding synchronize_rcu() instance now that a
 * grace period has elapsed.
 */
void wakeme_after_rcu(struct rcu_head  *head)
{
	struct rcu_synchronize *rcu;

	rcu = container_of(head, struct rcu_synchronize, head);
	complete(&rcu->completion);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU

/**
 * synchronize_rcu - wait until a grace period has elapsed.
 *
 * Control will return to the caller some time after a full grace
 * period has elapsed, in other words after all currently executing RCU
 * read-side critical sections have completed.  RCU read-side critical
 * sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(),
 * and may be nested.
 */
void synchronize_rcu(void)
{
	struct rcu_synchronize rcu;

	if (!rcu_scheduler_active)
		return;

	init_completion(&rcu.completion);
	/* Will wake me after RCU finished. */
	call_rcu(&rcu.head, wakeme_after_rcu);
	/* Wait for it. */
	wait_for_completion(&rcu.completion);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu);

#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU */

/**
 * synchronize_sched - wait until an rcu-sched grace period has elapsed.
 *
 * Control will return to the caller some time after a full rcu-sched
 * grace period has elapsed, in other words after all currently executing
 * rcu-sched read-side critical sections have completed.   These read-side
 * critical sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock_sched() and
 * rcu_read_unlock_sched(), and may be nested.  Note that preempt_disable(),
 * local_irq_disable(), and so on may be used in place of
 * rcu_read_lock_sched().
 *
 * This means that all preempt_disable code sequences, including NMI and
 * hardware-interrupt handlers, in progress on entry will have completed
 * before this primitive returns.  However, this does not guarantee that
 * softirq handlers will have completed, since in some kernels, these
 * handlers can run in process context, and can block.
 *
 * This primitive provides the guarantees made by the (now removed)
 * synchronize_kernel() API.  In contrast, synchronize_rcu() only
 * guarantees that rcu_read_lock() sections will have completed.
 * In "classic RCU", these two guarantees happen to be one and
 * the same, but can differ in realtime RCU implementations.
 */
void synchronize_sched(void)
{
	struct rcu_synchronize rcu;

	if (rcu_blocking_is_gp())
		return;

	init_completion(&rcu.completion);
	/* Will wake me after RCU finished. */
	call_rcu_sched(&rcu.head, wakeme_after_rcu);
	/* Wait for it. */
	wait_for_completion(&rcu.completion);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_sched);

/**
 * synchronize_rcu_bh - wait until an rcu_bh grace period has elapsed.
 *
 * Control will return to the caller some time after a full rcu_bh grace
 * period has elapsed, in other words after all currently executing rcu_bh
 * read-side critical sections have completed.  RCU read-side critical
 * sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock_bh() and rcu_read_unlock_bh(),
 * and may be nested.
 */
void synchronize_rcu_bh(void)
{
	struct rcu_synchronize rcu;

	if (rcu_blocking_is_gp())
		return;

	init_completion(&rcu.completion);
	/* Will wake me after RCU finished. */
	call_rcu_bh(&rcu.head, wakeme_after_rcu);
	/* Wait for it. */
	wait_for_completion(&rcu.completion);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu_bh);

static void rcu_barrier_callback(struct rcu_head *notused)
{
	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count))
		complete(&rcu_barrier_completion);
}

/*
 * Called with preemption disabled, and from cross-cpu IRQ context.
 */
static void rcu_barrier_func(void *type)
{
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
	struct rcu_head *head = &per_cpu(rcu_barrier_head, cpu);

	atomic_inc(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count);
	switch ((enum rcu_barrier)type) {
	case RCU_BARRIER_STD:
		call_rcu(head, rcu_barrier_callback);
		break;
	case RCU_BARRIER_BH:
		call_rcu_bh(head, rcu_barrier_callback);
		break;
	case RCU_BARRIER_SCHED:
		call_rcu_sched(head, rcu_barrier_callback);
		break;
	}
}

static inline void wait_migrated_callbacks(void)
{
	wait_event(rcu_migrate_wq, !atomic_read(&rcu_migrate_type_count));
	smp_mb(); /* In case we didn't sleep. */
}

/*
 * Orchestrate the specified type of RCU barrier, waiting for all
 * RCU callbacks of the specified type to complete.
 */
static void _rcu_barrier(enum rcu_barrier type)
{
	BUG_ON(in_interrupt());
	/* Take cpucontrol mutex to protect against CPU hotplug */
	mutex_lock(&rcu_barrier_mutex);
	init_completion(&rcu_barrier_completion);
	/*
	 * Initialize rcu_barrier_cpu_count to 1, then invoke
	 * rcu_barrier_func() on each CPU, so that each CPU also has
	 * incremented rcu_barrier_cpu_count.  Only then is it safe to
	 * decrement rcu_barrier_cpu_count -- otherwise the first CPU
	 * might complete its grace period before all of the other CPUs
	 * did their increment, causing this function to return too
	 * early.
	 */
	atomic_set(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count, 1);
	on_each_cpu(rcu_barrier_func, (void *)type, 1);
	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count))
		complete(&rcu_barrier_completion);
	wait_for_completion(&rcu_barrier_completion);
	mutex_unlock(&rcu_barrier_mutex);
	wait_migrated_callbacks();
}

/**
 * rcu_barrier - Wait until all in-flight call_rcu() callbacks complete.
 */
void rcu_barrier(void)
{
	_rcu_barrier(RCU_BARRIER_STD);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_barrier);

/**
 * rcu_barrier_bh - Wait until all in-flight call_rcu_bh() callbacks complete.
 */
void rcu_barrier_bh(void)
{
	_rcu_barrier(RCU_BARRIER_BH);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_barrier_bh);

/**
 * rcu_barrier_sched - Wait for in-flight call_rcu_sched() callbacks.
 */
void rcu_barrier_sched(void)
{
	_rcu_barrier(RCU_BARRIER_SCHED);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_barrier_sched);

static void rcu_migrate_callback(struct rcu_head *notused)
{
	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&rcu_migrate_type_count))
		wake_up(&rcu_migrate_wq);
}

extern int rcu_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
			  unsigned long action, void *hcpu);

static int __cpuinit rcu_barrier_cpu_hotplug(struct notifier_block *self,
		unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
{
	rcu_cpu_notify(self, action, hcpu);
	if (action == CPU_DYING) {
		/*
		 * preempt_disable() in on_each_cpu() prevents stop_machine(),
		 * so when "on_each_cpu(rcu_barrier_func, (void *)type, 1);"
		 * returns, all online cpus have queued rcu_barrier_func(),
		 * and the dead cpu(if it exist) queues rcu_migrate_callback()s.
		 *
		 * These callbacks ensure _rcu_barrier() waits for all
		 * RCU callbacks of the specified type to complete.
		 */
		atomic_set(&rcu_migrate_type_count, 3);
		call_rcu_bh(rcu_migrate_head, rcu_migrate_callback);
		call_rcu_sched(rcu_migrate_head + 1, rcu_migrate_callback);
		call_rcu(rcu_migrate_head + 2, rcu_migrate_callback);
	} else if (action == CPU_DOWN_PREPARE) {
		/* Don't need to wait until next removal operation. */
		/* rcu_migrate_head is protected by cpu_add_remove_lock */
		wait_migrated_callbacks();
	}

	return NOTIFY_OK;
}

void __init rcu_init(void)
{
	int i;

	__rcu_init();
	cpu_notifier(rcu_barrier_cpu_hotplug, 0);

	/*
	 * We don't need protection against CPU-hotplug here because
	 * this is called early in boot, before either interrupts
	 * or the scheduler are operational.
	 */
	for_each_online_cpu(i)
		rcu_barrier_cpu_hotplug(NULL, CPU_UP_PREPARE, (void *)(long)i);
}

void rcu_scheduler_starting(void)
{
	WARN_ON(num_online_cpus() != 1);
	WARN_ON(nr_context_switches() > 0);
	rcu_scheduler_active = 1;
}