CForth for ESP8266 piggybacks on the nodemcu-firmware code, replacing its Lua interpreter with Forth.
Making CForth in build/esp8266 will automatically fetch the nodemcu-firmware source code and patch it to use CForth instead of Lua. By default, the nodemcu-firmware tree will be located in the same parent directory as the cforth tree.
The rules for setting up the nodemcu-firmware tree are in src/app/esp8266/targets.mk in the $(NODEMCU_PATH): target.
Those rules further prepare the nodemcu-firmware tree by running “make sdk_patched”, which fetches the appropriate version of ESP SDK.
Starting from the top directory of the cforth tree:
cd build/esp8266 make
The binary files that you download to the ESP8266 module will be created in the nodemcu-firmware tree:
$(CFORTH_TOPDIR)/../nodemcu-firmware/bin/0x00000.bin $(CFORTH_TOPDIR)/../nodemcu-firmware/bin/0x10000.bin
COMPORT=my_comport_name make download
substituting an appropriate value for my_comport_name . On Windows, the name would be something like COM5. On Linux it would be something like /dev/ttyUSB0. On MacOS, the name depends on which USB serial chip that you are using to connect to the ESP module, probably /dev/cu..
See src/app/esp8266/0001-Use-CForth-not-Lua-as-the-extension-language.patch
In the top level Makefile, we omit the spiffs-image and spiffs-image-remove targets because the are hard to build in some environments (e.g. Windows). The down side of this is that you cannot pre-populate the SPIFFS filesystem.
Also in the top level Makefile, we change the basic rule for compiling object files to be less verbose, substituting the message “CC source_filename.c” for the full command line.
In app/Makefile, we omit a bunch of unused Lua modules and their associated library files, thus greatly speeding up compilation. Instead we substitute $(FORTHOBJS), which is the CForth “app.o” file that contains all of CForth.
In app/driver/uart.c, app/include/driver/uart.h, and app/user/user_main.c we disable the new Lua tasking interface and revert to the direct ESP SDK tasking interface.
In app/platform/platform.c we define NODE_ERR(...) as a no-op, which eliminates the need to pull in the libc printf. In spiffs/spiffs_config.h we turn off SPIFFS_TEST_VISUALIZATION for the same reason. There are also some changes in app/user/user_main.c for this reason.
In app/spiffs/spiffs_config.h we change the SPIFFS initialization code so it is less prone to finding SPIFFS objects that have been obsoleted by increases in the base code size that encroach upon the SPIFFS area. https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/issues/1479 Recent changes to the nodemcu code base have solved this problem in a different way but we have not yet updated to that version (and we probably never will; instead the plan is to get rid of nodemcu entirely).
In ld/nodemcu.ld we include the Forth stuff in the correct load section.
In tools/esptool.py we change the #! line to force the use of Python2.7, since esptool.py will not work with Python 3.