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| </head> | |
| <body class="manpage"> | |
| <div id="header"> | |
| <h1>git-send-email(1) Manual Page</h1> | |
| <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <p>git-send-email - Send a collection of patches as emails</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div id="content"> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="verseblock"> | |
| <pre class="content"><em>git send-email</em> [<options>] (<file>|<directory>)…​ | |
| <em>git send-email</em> [<options>] <format-patch-options> | |
| <em>git send-email</em> --dump-aliases | |
| <em>git send-email</em> --translate-aliases</pre> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Takes the patches given on the command line and emails them out. | |
| Patches can be specified as files, directories (which will send all | |
| files in the directory), or directly as a revision list. In the | |
| last case, any format accepted by <a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a> can | |
| be passed to <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code>, as well as options understood by | |
| <a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>The header of the email is configurable via command-line options. If not | |
| specified on the command line, the user will be prompted with a ReadLine | |
| enabled interface to provide the necessary information.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>There are two formats accepted for patch files:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="olist arabic"> | |
| <ol class="arabic"> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>mbox format files</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>This is what <a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a> generates. Most headers and MIME | |
| formatting are ignored.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>The original format used by Greg Kroah-Hartman’s <code>send_lots_of_email.pl</code> | |
| script</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>This format expects the first line of the file to contain the <code>Cc:</code> value | |
| and the <code>Subject:</code> of the message as the second line.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </li> | |
| </ol> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="sect2"> | |
| <h3 id="_composing">Composing</h3> | |
| <div class="dlist"> | |
| <dl> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--annotate</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Review and edit each patch you’re about to send. Default is the value | |
| of <code>sendemail.annotate</code>. See the CONFIGURATION section for | |
| <code>sendemail.multiEdit</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--bcc=<address>,…​</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify a <code>Bcc:</code> value for each email. Default is the value of | |
| <code>sendemail.bcc</code>.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>This option may be specified multiple times.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--cc=<address>,…​</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify a starting <code>Cc:</code> value for each email. | |
| Default is the value of <code>sendemail.cc</code>.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>This option may be specified multiple times.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--compose</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Invoke a text editor (see GIT_EDITOR in <a href="git-var.html">git-var(1)</a>) | |
| to edit an introductory message for the patch series.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>When <code>--compose</code> is used, <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> will use the <code>From</code>, <code>To</code>, <code>Cc</code>, | |
| <code>Bcc</code>, <code>Subject</code>, <code>Reply-To</code>, and <code>In-Reply-To</code> headers specified in the | |
| message. If the body of the message (what you type after the headers and a | |
| blank line) only contains blank (or <code>Git:</code> prefixed) lines, the summary won’t be | |
| sent, but the headers mentioned above will be used unless they are | |
| removed.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Missing <code>From</code> or <code>In-Reply-To</code> headers will be prompted for.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>See the CONFIGURATION section for <code>sendemail.multiEdit</code>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--from=<address></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify the sender of the emails. If not specified on the command line, | |
| the value of the <code>sendemail.from</code> configuration option is used. If | |
| neither the command-line option nor <code>sendemail.from</code> are set, then the | |
| user will be prompted for the value. The default for the prompt will be | |
| the value of <code>GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT</code>, or <code>GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT</code> if that is not | |
| set, as returned by <code>git</code> <code>var</code> <code>-l</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--reply-to=<address></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify the address where replies from recipients should go to. | |
| Use this if replies to messages should go to another address than what | |
| is specified with the <code>--from</code> parameter.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--in-reply-to=<identifier></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Make the first mail (or all the mails with <code>--no-thread</code>) appear as a | |
| reply to the given Message-ID, which avoids breaking threads to | |
| provide a new patch series. | |
| The second and subsequent emails will be sent as replies according to | |
| the <code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>chain-reply-to</code> setting.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>So for example when <code>--thread</code> and <code>--no-chain-reply-to</code> are specified, the | |
| second and subsequent patches will be replies to the first one like in the | |
| illustration below where [<code>PATCH</code> <code>v2</code> <code>0/3</code>] is in reply to [<code>PATCH</code> <code>0/2</code>]:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="literalblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre>[PATCH 0/2] Here is what I did... | |
| [PATCH 1/2] Clean up and tests | |
| [PATCH 2/2] Implementation | |
| [PATCH v2 0/3] Here is a reroll | |
| [PATCH v2 1/3] Clean up | |
| [PATCH v2 2/3] New tests | |
| [PATCH v2 3/3] Implementation</pre> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Only necessary if <code>--compose</code> is also set. If <code>--compose</code> | |
| is not set, this will be prompted for.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--outlook-id-fix</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-outlook-id-fix</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Microsoft Outlook SMTP servers discard the Message-ID sent via email and | |
| assign a new random Message-ID, thus breaking threads.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>With <code>--outlook-id-fix</code>, <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> uses a mechanism specific to | |
| Outlook servers to learn the Message-ID the server assigned to fix the | |
| threading. Use it only when you know that the server reports the | |
| rewritten Message-ID the same way as Outlook servers do.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Without this option specified, the fix is done by default when talking | |
| to <em>smtp.office365.com</em> or <em>smtp-mail.outlook.com</em>. Use | |
| <code>--no-outlook-id-fix</code> to disable even when talking to these two servers.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--subject=<string></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify the initial subject of the email thread. | |
| Only necessary if <code>--compose</code> is also set. If <code>--compose</code> | |
| is not set, this will be prompted for.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--to=<address>,…​</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this | |
| will be the upstream maintainer of the project involved. Default is the | |
| value of the <code>sendemail.to</code> configuration value; if that is unspecified, | |
| and <code>--to-cmd</code> is not specified, this will be prompted for.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>This option may be specified multiple times.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--8bit-encoding=<encoding></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>When encountering a non-ASCII message or subject that does not | |
| declare its encoding, add headers/quoting to indicate it is | |
| encoded in <encoding>. Default is the value of the | |
| <code>sendemail.assume8bitEncoding</code>; if that is unspecified, this | |
| will be prompted for if any non-ASCII files are encountered.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--compose-encoding=<encoding></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify encoding of compose message. Default is the value of the | |
| <code>sendemail.composeEncoding</code>; if that is unspecified, UTF-8 is assumed.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--transfer-encoding=(7bit|8bit|quoted-printable|base64|auto)</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify the transfer encoding to be used to send the message over SMTP. | |
| <code>7bit</code> will fail upon encountering a non-ASCII message. <code>quoted-printable</code> | |
| can be useful when the repository contains files that contain carriage | |
| returns, but makes the raw patch email file (as saved from an MUA) much | |
| harder to inspect manually. <code>base64</code> is even more fool proof, but also | |
| even more opaque. <code>auto</code> will use <code>8bit</code> when possible, and | |
| <code>quoted-printable</code> otherwise.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Default is the value of the <code>sendemail.transferEncoding</code> configuration | |
| value; if that is unspecified, default to <code>auto</code>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--xmailer</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-xmailer</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Add (or prevent adding) the <code>X-Mailer:</code> header. By default, | |
| the header is added, but it can be turned off by setting the | |
| <code>sendemail.xmailer</code> configuration variable to <code>false</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect2"> | |
| <h3 id="_sending">Sending</h3> | |
| <div class="dlist"> | |
| <dl> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--envelope-sender=<address></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify the envelope sender used to send the emails. | |
| This is useful if your default address is not the address that is | |
| subscribed to a list. In order to use the <code>From</code> address, set the | |
| value to <code>auto</code>. If you use the <code>sendmail</code> binary, you must have | |
| suitable privileges for the <code>-f</code> parameter. Default is the value of the | |
| <code>sendemail.envelopeSender</code> configuration variable; if that is | |
| unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--sendmail-cmd=<command></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify a command to run to send the email. The command should | |
| be sendmail-like; specifically, it must support the <code>-i</code> option. | |
| The command will be executed in the shell if necessary. Default | |
| is the value of <code>sendemail.sendmailCmd</code>. If unspecified, and if | |
| <code>--smtp-server</code> is also unspecified, <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> will search | |
| for <code>sendmail</code> in <code>/usr/sbin</code>, <code>/usr/lib</code> and <code>$PATH</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-encryption=<encryption></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify in what way encrypting begins for the SMTP connection. | |
| Valid values are <code>ssl</code> and <code>tls</code>. Any other value reverts to plain | |
| (unencrypted) SMTP, which defaults to port 25. | |
| Despite the names, both values will use the same newer version of TLS, | |
| but for historic reasons have these names. <code>ssl</code> refers to "implicit" | |
| encryption (sometimes called SMTPS), that uses port 465 by default. | |
| <code>tls</code> refers to "explicit" encryption (often known as STARTTLS), | |
| that uses port 25 by default. Other ports might be used by the SMTP | |
| server, which are not the default. Commonly found alternative port for | |
| <code>tls</code> and unencrypted is 587. You need to check your provider’s | |
| documentation or your server configuration to make sure | |
| for your own case. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.smtpEncryption</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-domain=<FQDN></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) used in the | |
| HELO/EHLO command to the SMTP server. Some servers require the | |
| FQDN to match your IP address. If not set, <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> attempts | |
| to determine your FQDN automatically. Default is the value of | |
| <code>sendemail.smtpDomain</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-auth=<mechanisms></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Whitespace-separated list of allowed SMTP-AUTH mechanisms. This setting | |
| forces using only the listed mechanisms. Example:</p> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre>$ git send-email --smtp-auth="PLAIN LOGIN GSSAPI" ...</pre> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>If at least one of the specified mechanisms matches the ones advertised by the | |
| SMTP server and if it is supported by the utilized SASL library, the mechanism | |
| is used for authentication. If neither <code>sendemail.smtpAuth</code> nor <code>--smtp-auth</code> | |
| is specified, all mechanisms supported by the SASL library can be used. The | |
| special value <code>none</code> maybe specified to completely disable authentication | |
| independently of <code>--smtp-user</code>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-pass[=<password>]</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no | |
| argument is specified, then the empty string is used as | |
| the password. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.smtpPass</code>, | |
| however <code>--smtp-pass</code> always overrides this value.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files | |
| or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with | |
| <code>--smtp-user</code> or a <code>sendemail.smtpUser</code>), but no password has been | |
| specified (with <code>--smtp-pass</code> or <code>sendemail.smtpPass</code>), then | |
| a password is obtained using <a href="git-credential.html">git-credential(1)</a>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-smtp-auth</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Disable SMTP authentication. Short hand for <code>--smtp-auth=none</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-server=<host></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g. | |
| <code>smtp.example.com</code> or a raw IP address). If unspecified, and if | |
| <code>--sendmail-cmd</code> is also unspecified, the default is to search | |
| for <code>sendmail</code> in <code>/usr/sbin</code>, <code>/usr/lib</code> and <code>$PATH</code> if such a | |
| program is available, falling back to <code>localhost</code> otherwise.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>For backward compatibility, this option can also specify a full pathname | |
| of a sendmail-like program instead; the program must support the <code>-i</code> | |
| option. This method does not support passing arguments or using plain | |
| command names. For those use cases, consider using <code>--sendmail-cmd</code> | |
| instead.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-server-port=<port></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify a port different from the default port (SMTP | |
| servers typically listen to smtp port 25, but may also listen to | |
| submission port 587, or the common SSL smtp port 465); | |
| symbolic port names (e.g. <code>submission</code> instead of 587) | |
| are also accepted. The port can also be set with the | |
| <code>sendemail.smtpServerPort</code> configuration variable.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-server-option=<option></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify the outgoing SMTP server option to use. | |
| Default value can be specified by the <code>sendemail.smtpServerOption</code> | |
| configuration option.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>The <code>--smtp-server-option</code> option must be repeated for each option you want | |
| to pass to the server. Likewise, different lines in the configuration files | |
| must be used for each option.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-ssl</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Legacy alias for <code>--smtp-encryption</code> <code>ssl</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-ssl-cert-path <path></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Path to a store of trusted CA certificates for SMTP SSL/TLS | |
| certificate validation (either a directory that has been processed | |
| by <code>c_rehash</code>, or a single file containing one or more PEM format | |
| certificates concatenated together: see the description of the | |
| <code>-CAfile</code> <em><file></em> and the <code>-CApath</code> <em><dir></em> options of | |
| <a href="https://docs.openssl.org/master/man1/openssl-verify/" class="bare">https://docs.openssl.org/master/man1/openssl-verify/</a> | |
| [OpenSSL’s verify(1) manual page] for more information on these). | |
| Set it to an empty string to disable certificate verification. | |
| Defaults to the value of the <code>sendemail.smtpSSLCertPath</code> configuration | |
| variable, if set, or the backing SSL library’s compiled-in default | |
| otherwise (which should be the best choice on most platforms).</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-ssl-client-cert <path></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Path to the client certificate file to present if requested by the | |
| server. This option is required when the server is set up to verify | |
| client certificates. If the corresponding private key is not included in | |
| the file, it must be supplied using the <code>sendemail.smtpSSLClientKey</code> | |
| configuration variable or the <code>--smtp-ssl-client-key</code> option. Defaults | |
| to the value of the <code>sendemail.smtpSSLClientCert</code> configuration | |
| variable, if set.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-ssl-client-key <path></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Path to the client private key file that corresponds to the client | |
| certificate. To avoid misconfiguration, this option must be used in | |
| conjunction with the <code>sendemail.smtpSSLClientKey</code> configuration variable | |
| or the <code>--smtp-ssl-client-cert</code> option. If the client key is included in | |
| the client certificate, the choice of private key depends on the format | |
| of the certificate. Visit <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/IO::Socket::SSL" class="bare">https://metacpan.org/pod/IO::Socket::SSL</a> for | |
| more details. Defaults to the value of the <code>sendemail.smtpSSLClientKey</code> | |
| configuration variable, if set.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-user=<user></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.smtpUser</code>; | |
| if a username is not specified (with <code>--smtp-user</code> or <code>sendemail.smtpUser</code>), | |
| then authentication is not attempted.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--smtp-debug=(0|1)</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Enable (1) or disable (0) debug output. If enabled, SMTP | |
| commands and replies will be printed. Useful to debug TLS | |
| connection and authentication problems.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--imap-sent-folder=<folder></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Some email providers (e.g. iCloud) do not send a copy of the emails sent | |
| using SMTP to the <code>Sent</code> folder or similar in your mailbox. Use this option | |
| to use <code>git</code> <code>imap-send</code> to send a copy of the emails to the folder specified | |
| using this option. You can run <code>git</code> <code>imap-send</code> <code>--list</code> to get a list of | |
| valid folder names, including the correct name of the <code>Sent</code> folder in | |
| your mailbox. You can also use this option to send emails to a dedicated | |
| IMAP folder of your choice.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>This feature requires setting up <code>git</code> <code>imap-send</code>. See <a href="git-imap-send.html">git-imap-send(1)</a> | |
| for instructions.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--use-imap-only</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-use-imap-only</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If this is set, all emails will only be copied to the IMAP folder specified | |
| with <code>--imap-sent-folder</code> or <code>sendemail.imapSentFolder</code> and will not be sent | |
| to the recipients. Useful if you just want to create a draft of the emails | |
| and use another email client to send them. | |
| If disabled with <code>--no-use-imap-only</code>, the emails will be sent like usual. | |
| Disabled by default, but the <code>sendemail.useImapOnly</code> configuration | |
| variable can be used to enable it.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>This feature requires setting up <code>git</code> <code>imap-send</code>. See <a href="git-imap-send.html">git-imap-send(1)</a> | |
| for instructions.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--batch-size=<num></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Some email servers (e.g. <em>smtp.163.com</em>) limit the number of emails to be | |
| sent per session (connection) and this will lead to a failure when | |
| sending many messages. With this option, send-email will disconnect after | |
| sending <em><num></em> messages and wait for a few seconds | |
| (see <code>--relogin-delay</code>) and reconnect, to work around such a limit. | |
| You may want to use some form of credential helper to avoid having to | |
| retype your password every time this happens. Defaults to the | |
| <code>sendemail.smtpBatchSize</code> configuration variable.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--relogin-delay=<int></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Waiting <em><int></em> seconds before reconnecting to SMTP server. Used together | |
| with <code>--batch-size</code> option. Defaults to the <code>sendemail.smtpReloginDelay</code> | |
| configuration variable.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect2"> | |
| <h3 id="_automating">Automating</h3> | |
| <div class="dlist"> | |
| <dl> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-to</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-cc</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-bcc</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Clear any list of <code>To:</code>, <code>Cc:</code>, <code>Bcc:</code> addresses previously | |
| set via config.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-identity</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Clear the previously read value of <code>sendemail.identity</code> set | |
| via config, if any.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--to-cmd=<command></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify a command to execute once per patch file which | |
| should generate patch file specific <code>To:</code> entries. | |
| Output of this command must be single email address per line. | |
| Default is the value of <code>sendemail.toCmd</code> configuration value.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--cc-cmd=<command></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify a command to execute once per patch file which | |
| should generate patch file specific <code>Cc:</code> entries. | |
| Output of this command must be single email address per line. | |
| Default is the value of <code>sendemail.ccCmd</code> configuration value.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--header-cmd=<command></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify a command that is executed once per outgoing message | |
| and output RFC 2822 style header lines to be inserted into | |
| them. When the <code>sendemail.headerCmd</code> configuration variable is | |
| set, its value is always used. When <code>--header-cmd</code> is provided | |
| at the command line, its value takes precedence over the | |
| <code>sendemail.headerCmd</code> configuration variable.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-header-cmd</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Disable any header command in use.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--chain-reply-to</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-chain-reply-to</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous | |
| email sent. If disabled with <code>--no-chain-reply-to</code>, all emails after | |
| the first will be sent as replies to the first email sent. When using | |
| this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the | |
| entire patch series. Disabled by default, but the <code>sendemail.chainReplyTo</code> | |
| configuration variable can be used to enable it.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--identity=<identity></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the | |
| <code>sendemail.</code><em><identity></em> subsection to take precedence over | |
| values in the <code>sendemail</code> section. The default identity is | |
| the value of <code>sendemail.identity</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--signed-off-by-cc</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-signed-off-by-cc</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If this is set, add emails found in the <code>Signed-off-by</code> trailer or <code>Cc:</code> | |
| lines to the cc list. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.signedOffByCc</code> | |
| configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to | |
| <code>--signed-off-by-cc</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--cc-cover</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-cc-cover</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If this is set, emails found in <code>Cc:</code> headers in the first patch of | |
| the series (typically the cover letter) are added to the cc list | |
| for each email set. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.ccCover</code> | |
| configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to <code>--no-cc-cover</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--to-cover</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-to-cover</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If this is set, emails found in <code>To:</code> headers in the first patch of | |
| the series (typically the cover letter) are added to the to list | |
| for each email set. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.toCover</code> | |
| configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to <code>--no-to-cover</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--suppress-cc=<category></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Specify an additional category of recipients to suppress the | |
| auto-cc of:</p> | |
| <div class="openblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <div class="ulist"> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>author</code> will avoid including the patch author.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>self</code> will avoid including the sender.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>cc</code> will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the patch header | |
| except for self (use <code>self</code> for that).</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>bodycc</code> will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the | |
| patch body (commit message) except for self (use <code>self</code> for that).</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>sob</code> will avoid including anyone mentioned in the Signed-off-by trailers except | |
| for self (use <code>self</code> for that).</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>misc-by</code> will avoid including anyone mentioned in Acked-by, | |
| Reviewed-by, Tested-by and other "-by" lines in the patch body, | |
| except Signed-off-by (use <code>sob</code> for that).</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>cccmd</code> will avoid running the --cc-cmd.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>body</code> is equivalent to <code>sob</code> + <code>bodycc</code> + <code>misc-by</code>.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>all</code> will suppress all auto cc values.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Default is the value of <code>sendemail.suppressCc</code> configuration value; if | |
| that is unspecified, default to <code>self</code> if <code>--suppress-from</code> is | |
| specified, as well as <code>body</code> if <code>--no-signed-off-by-cc</code> is specified.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--suppress-from</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-suppress-from</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If this is set, do not add the <code>From:</code> address to the <code>Cc:</code> list. | |
| Default is the value of <code>sendemail.suppressFrom</code> configuration | |
| value; if that is unspecified, default to <code>--no-suppress-from</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--thread</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-thread</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If this is set, the <code>In-Reply-To</code> and <code>References</code> headers will be | |
| added to each email sent. Whether each mail refers to the | |
| previous email (<code>deep</code> threading per <code>git</code> <code>format-patch</code> | |
| wording) or to the first email (<code>shallow</code> threading) is | |
| governed by <code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>chain-reply-to</code>.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>If disabled with <code>--no-thread</code>, those headers will not be added | |
| (unless specified with <code>--in-reply-to</code>). Default is the value of the | |
| <code>sendemail.thread</code> configuration value; if that is unspecified, | |
| default to <code>--thread</code>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already | |
| exists when <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> is asked to add it (especially note that | |
| <code>git</code> <code>format-patch</code> can be configured to do the threading itself). | |
| Failure to do so may not produce the expected result in the | |
| recipient’s MUA.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--mailmap</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-mailmap</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Use the mailmap file (see <a href="gitmailmap.html">gitmailmap(5)</a>) to map all | |
| addresses to their canonical real name and email address. Additional | |
| mailmap data specific to <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> may be provided using the | |
| <code>sendemail.mailmap.file</code> or <code>sendemail.mailmap.blob</code> configuration | |
| values. Defaults to <code>sendemail.mailmap</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect2"> | |
| <h3 id="_administering">Administering</h3> | |
| <div class="dlist"> | |
| <dl> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--confirm=<mode></dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Confirm just before sending:</p> | |
| <div class="openblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <div class="ulist"> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>always</code> will always confirm before sending.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>never</code> will never confirm before sending.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>cc</code> will confirm before sending when send-email has automatically | |
| added addresses from the patch to the Cc list.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>compose</code> will confirm before sending the first message when using --compose.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><code>auto</code> is equivalent to <code>cc</code> + <code>compose</code>.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Default is the value of <code>sendemail.confirm</code> configuration value; if that | |
| is unspecified, default to <code>auto</code> unless any of the suppress options | |
| have been specified, in which case default to <code>compose</code>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--dry-run</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Do everything except actually send the emails.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--format-patch</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-format-patch</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name, | |
| choose to understand it as a format-patch argument (<code>--format-patch</code>) | |
| or as a file name (<code>--no-format-patch</code>). By default, when such a conflict | |
| occurs, <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> will fail.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--quiet</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Make <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> less verbose. One line per email should be | |
| all that is output.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--validate</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-validate</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Perform sanity checks on patches. | |
| Currently, validation means the following:</p> | |
| <div class="openblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <div class="ulist"> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>Invoke the sendemail-validate hook if present (see <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a>).</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>Warn of patches that contain lines longer than | |
| 998 characters unless a suitable transfer encoding | |
| (<code>auto</code>, <code>base64</code>, or <code>quoted-printable</code>) is used; | |
| this is due to SMTP limits as described by | |
| <a href="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5322.txt" class="bare">https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5322.txt</a>.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Default is the value of <code>sendemail.validate</code>; if this is not set, | |
| default to <code>--validate</code>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--force</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Send emails even if safety checks would prevent it.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect2"> | |
| <h3 id="_information">Information</h3> | |
| <div class="dlist"> | |
| <dl> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--dump-aliases</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Instead of the normal operation, dump the shorthand alias names from | |
| the configured alias file(s), one per line in alphabetical order. Note | |
| that this only includes the alias name and not its expanded email addresses. | |
| See <code>sendemail.aliasesFile</code> for more information about aliases.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--translate-aliases</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Instead of the normal operation, read from standard input and | |
| interpret each line as an email alias. Translate it according to the | |
| configured alias file(s). Output each translated name and email | |
| address to standard output, one per line. See <code>sendemail.aliasFile</code> | |
| for more information about aliases.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included | |
| from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same | |
| as what’s found there:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="dlist"> | |
| <dl> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.identity</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the | |
| <code>sendemail.</code><em><identity></em> subsection to take precedence over | |
| values in the <code>sendemail</code> section. The default identity is | |
| the value of <code>sendemail.identity</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpEncryption</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>See <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> for description. Note that this | |
| setting is not subject to the <code>identity</code> mechanism.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpSSLCertPath</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Path to ca-certificates (either a directory or a single file). | |
| Set it to an empty string to disable certificate verification.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpSSLClientCert</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Path to the client certificate file to present if requested by the | |
| server. This is required when the server is set up to verify client | |
| certificates. If the corresponding private key is not included in the | |
| file, it must be supplied using <code>sendemail.smtpSSLClientKey</code> or the | |
| <code>--smtp-ssl-client-key</code> option.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpSSLClientKey</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Path to the client private key file that corresponds to the client | |
| certificate. To avoid misconfiguration, this configuration must be used | |
| in conjunction with <code>sendemail.smtpSSLClientCert</code> or the | |
| <code>--smtp-ssl-client-cert</code> option. If the client key is included in the | |
| client certificate, the choice of private key depends on the format of | |
| the certificate. Visit <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/IO::Socket::SSL" class="bare">https://metacpan.org/pod/IO::Socket::SSL</a> for more | |
| details.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.<identity>.*</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Identity-specific versions of the <code>sendemail.*</code> parameters | |
| found below, taking precedence over those when this | |
| identity is selected, through either the command-line or | |
| <code>sendemail.identity</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.multiEdit</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If <code>true</code> (default), a single editor instance will be spawned to edit | |
| files you have to edit (patches when <code>--annotate</code> is used, and the | |
| summary when <code>--compose</code> is used). If <code>false</code>, files will be edited one | |
| after the other, spawning a new editor each time.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.confirm</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Sets the default for whether to confirm before sending. Must be | |
| one of <code>always</code>, <code>never</code>, <code>cc</code>, <code>compose</code>, or <code>auto</code>. See <code>--confirm</code> | |
| in the <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> documentation for the meaning of these | |
| values.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.mailmap</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If <code>true</code>, makes <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> assume <code>--mailmap</code>, | |
| otherwise assume <code>--no-mailmap</code>. <code>False</code> by default.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.mailmap.file</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>The location of a <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> specific augmenting | |
| mailmap file. The default mailmap and <code>mailmap.file</code> are loaded | |
| first. Thus, entries in this file take precedence over entries in | |
| the default mailmap locations. See <a href="gitmailmap.html">gitmailmap(5)</a>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.mailmap.blob</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Like <code>sendemail.mailmap.file</code>, but consider the value as a reference | |
| to a blob in the repository. Entries in <code>sendemail.mailmap.file</code> | |
| take precedence over entries here. See <a href="gitmailmap.html">gitmailmap(5)</a>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.aliasesFile</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>To avoid typing long email addresses, point this to one or more | |
| email aliases files. You must also supply <code>sendemail.aliasFileType</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.aliasFileType</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesFile. Must be | |
| one of <code>mutt</code>, <code>mailrc</code>, <code>pine</code>, <code>elm</code>, <code>gnus</code>, or <code>sendmail</code>.</p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>What an alias file in each format looks like can be found in | |
| the documentation of the email program of the same name. The | |
| differences and limitations from the standard formats are | |
| described below:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="openblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <div class="dlist"> | |
| <dl> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendmail</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <div class="ulist"> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>Quoted aliases and quoted addresses are not supported: lines that | |
| contain a " symbol are ignored.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>Redirection to a file (<code>/path/name</code>) or pipe (|<code>command</code>) is not | |
| supported.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>File inclusion (<code>:include:</code> <code>/path/name</code>) is not supported.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>Warnings are printed on the standard error output for any | |
| explicitly unsupported constructs, and any other lines that are not | |
| recognized by the parser.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.annotate</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.bcc</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.cc</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.ccCmd</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.chainReplyTo</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.envelopeSender</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.from</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.headerCmd</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.signedOffByCc</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpPass</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.suppressCc</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.suppressFrom</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.to</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.toCmd</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpDomain</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpServer</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpServerPort</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpServerOption</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpUser</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.imapSentFolder</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.useImapOnly</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.thread</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.transferEncoding</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.validate</dt> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.xmailer</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>These configuration variables all provide a default for | |
| <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> command-line options. See its | |
| documentation for details.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.outlookidfix</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>If <code>true</code>, makes <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> assume <code>--outlook-id-fix</code>, | |
| and if <code>false</code> assume <code>--no-outlook-id-fix</code>. If not specified, it will | |
| behave the same way as if <code>--outlook-id-fix</code> is not specified.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.signedOffCc (deprecated)</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Deprecated alias for <code>sendemail.signedOffByCc</code>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpBatchSize</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Number of messages to be sent per connection, after that a relogin | |
| will happen. If the value is <code>0</code> or undefined, send all messages in | |
| one connection. | |
| See also the <code>--batch-size</code> option of <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.smtpReloginDelay</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>Seconds to wait before reconnecting to the smtp server. | |
| See also the <code>--relogin-delay</code> option of <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a>.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1">sendemail.forbidSendmailVariables</dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p>To avoid common misconfiguration mistakes, <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> | |
| will abort with a warning if any configuration options for <code>sendmail</code> | |
| exist. Set this variable to bypass the check.</p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_examples_of_smtp_servers">EXAMPLES OF SMTP SERVERS</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="sect2"> | |
| <h3 id="_use_gmail_as_the_smtp_server">Use Gmail as the SMTP Server</h3> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>To use <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> to send your patches through the Gmail SMTP server, | |
| edit <code>~/.gitconfig</code> to specify your account settings:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre>[sendemail] | |
| smtpEncryption = ssl | |
| smtpServer = smtp.gmail.com | |
| smtpUser = yourname@gmail.com | |
| smtpServerPort = 465</pre> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Gmail does not allow using your regular password for <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code>. | |
| If you have multi-factor authentication set up on your Gmail account, you can | |
| generate an app-specific password for use with <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code>. Visit | |
| <a href="https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords" class="bare">https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords</a> to create it.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Alternatively, instead of using an app-specific password, you can use | |
| OAuth2.0 authentication with Gmail. OAuth2.0 is more secure than | |
| app-specific passwords, and works regardless of whether you have multi-factor | |
| authentication set up. <code>OAUTHBEARER</code> and <code>XOAUTH2</code> are common mechanisms used | |
| for this type of authentication. Gmail supports both of them. As an example, | |
| if you want to use <code>OAUTHBEARER</code>, edit your <code>~/.gitconfig</code> file and add | |
| <code>smtpAuth</code> <code>=</code> <code>OAUTHBEARER</code> to your account settings:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre>[sendemail] | |
| smtpEncryption = ssl | |
| smtpServer = smtp.gmail.com | |
| smtpUser = yourname@gmail.com | |
| smtpServerPort = 465 | |
| smtpAuth = OAUTHBEARER</pre> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Another alternative is using a tool developed by Google known as | |
| <a href="https://github.com/google/gmail-oauth2-tools/tree/master/go/sendgmail">sendgmail</a> | |
| to send emails using <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect2"> | |
| <h3 id="_use_microsoft_outlook_as_the_smtp_server">Use Microsoft Outlook as the SMTP Server</h3> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Unlike Gmail, Microsoft Outlook no longer supports app-specific passwords. | |
| Therefore, OAuth2.0 authentication must be used for Outlook. Also, it only | |
| supports <code>XOAUTH2</code> authentication mechanism.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Edit <code>~/.gitconfig</code> to specify your account settings for Outlook and use its | |
| SMTP server with <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code>:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre>[sendemail] | |
| smtpEncryption = tls | |
| smtpServer = smtp.office365.com | |
| smtpUser = yourname@outlook.com | |
| smtpServerPort = 587 | |
| smtpAuth = XOAUTH2</pre> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_sending_patches">SENDING PATCHES</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the | |
| following commands:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="literalblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre>$ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/ | |
| $ edit outgoing/0000-* | |
| $ git send-email outgoing/*</pre> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>The first time you run it, you will be prompted for your credentials. Enter the | |
| app-specific or your regular password as appropriate.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>If you have a credential helper configured (see <a href="git-credential.html">git-credential(1)</a>), the | |
| password will be saved in the credential store so you won’t have to type it the | |
| next time.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>If you are using OAuth2.0 authentication, you need to use an access token in | |
| place of a password when prompted. Various OAuth2.0 token generators are | |
| available online. Community maintained credential helpers are also available:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="ulist"> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/AdityaGarg8/git-credential-email">git-credential-gmail</a> | |
| (cross platform, dedicated helper for authenticating Gmail accounts)</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/AdityaGarg8/git-credential-email">git-credential-outlook</a> | |
| (cross platform, dedicated helper for authenticating Microsoft Outlook accounts)</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/AdityaGarg8/git-credential-email">git-credential-yahoo</a> | |
| (cross platform, dedicated helper for authenticating Yahoo accounts)</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/AdityaGarg8/git-credential-email">git-credential-aol</a> | |
| (cross platform, dedicated helper for authenticating AOL accounts)</p> | |
| </li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>You can also see <a href="gitcredentials.html">gitcredentials(7)</a> for more OAuth based authentication | |
| helpers.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Proton Mail does not provide an SMTP server to send emails. If you are a paid | |
| customer of Proton Mail, you can use | |
| <a href="https://proton.me/mail/bridge">Proton Mail Bridge</a> | |
| officially provided by Proton Mail to create a local SMTP server for sending | |
| emails. For both free and paid users, community maintained projects like | |
| <a href="https://github.com/AdityaGarg8/git-credential-email">git-protonmail</a> can be | |
| used.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Note: the following core Perl modules that may be installed with your | |
| distribution of Perl are required:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p><a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/MIME::Base64">MIME::Base64</a>, | |
| <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/MIME::QuotedPrint">MIME::QuotedPrint</a>, | |
| <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Net::Domain">Net::Domain</a> and | |
| <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Net::SMTP">Net::SMTP</a>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>These additional Perl modules are also required:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p><a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Authen::SASL">Authen::SASL</a> and | |
| <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Mail::Address">Mail::Address</a>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect2"> | |
| <h3 id="_exploiting_the_sendmailcmd_option_of_git_send_email">Exploiting the <code>sendmailCmd</code> option of <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code></h3> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Apart from sending emails via an SMTP server, <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code> can also send | |
| emails through any application that supports sendmail-like commands. You can | |
| read documentation of <code>--sendmail-cmd=</code><em><command></em> above for more information. | |
| This ability can be very useful if you want to use another application as an | |
| SMTP client for <code>git</code> <code>send-email</code>, or if your email provider uses proprietary | |
| APIs instead of SMTP to send emails.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>As an example, lets see how to configure <a href="https://marlam.de/msmtp/">msmtp</a>, a | |
| popular SMTP client found in many Linux distributions. Edit <code>~/.gitconfig</code> | |
| to instruct <code>git-send-email</code> to use it for sending emails.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre>[sendemail] | |
| sendmailCmd = /usr/bin/msmtp # Change this to the path where msmtp is installed</pre> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Links of a few such community maintained helpers are:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="ulist"> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><a href="https://marlam.de/msmtp/">msmtp</a> | |
| (popular SMTP client with many features, available for Linux and macOS)</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/AdityaGarg8/git-credential-email">git-protonmail</a> | |
| (cross platform client that can send emails using the ProtonMail API)</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/AdityaGarg8/git-credential-email">git-msgraph</a> | |
| (cross platform client that can send emails using the Microsoft Graph API)</p> | |
| </li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_caveats">CAVEATS</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>The output from <a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a> can lead to a different | |
| commit message when applied with <a href="git-am.html">git-am(1)</a>. The patch that is | |
| applied may also be different from the one that was generated, or patch | |
| application may fail outright.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Any line that is of the form:</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="ulist"> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>three-dashes and end-of-line, or</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>a line that begins with <code>diff</code> <code>-</code>, or</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p>a line that begins with `Index: `</p> | |
| </li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>is taken as the beginning of a patch, and the commit log message | |
| is terminated before the first occurrence of such a line.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Note that this is especially problematic for unindented diffs that occur | |
| in the commit message; the diff in the commit message might get applied | |
| along with the patch section, or the patch application machinery might | |
| trip up because the patch target doesn’t apply. This could for example | |
| be caused by a diff in a Markdown code block.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>The solution for this is to indent the diff or other text that could | |
| cause problems.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>This loss of fidelity might be simple to notice if you are applying | |
| patches directly from a mailbox. However, changes originating from Git | |
| could be applied in bulk, in which case this would be much harder to | |
| notice. This could for example be a Linux distribution which uses patch | |
| files to apply changes on top of the commits from the upstream | |
| repositories. This goes to show that this behavior does not only impact | |
| email workflows.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Given these limitations, one might be tempted to use a general-purpose | |
| utility like <code>patch</code>(1) instead. However, <code>patch</code>(1) will not only look for | |
| unindented diffs (like <a href="git-am.html">git-am(1)</a>) but will try to apply indented | |
| diffs as well.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p><a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a>, <a href="git-imap-send.html">git-imap-send(1)</a>, mbox(5)</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="paragraph"> | |
| <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div id="footer"> | |
| <div id="footer-text"> | |
| Last updated 2026-03-12 12:43:12 -0700 | |
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