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| <body class="manpage"> |
| <div id="header"> |
| <h1>git-update-index(1) Manual Page</h1> |
| <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <p>git-update-index - Register file contents in the working tree to the index</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div id="content"> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="verseblock"> |
| <pre class="content"><em>git update-index</em> |
| [--add] [--remove | --force-remove] [--replace] |
| [--refresh] [-q] [--unmerged] [--ignore-missing] |
| [(--cacheinfo <mode>,<object>,<file>)…​] |
| [--chmod=(+|-)x] |
| [--[no-]assume-unchanged] |
| [--[no-]skip-worktree] |
| [--[no-]ignore-skip-worktree-entries] |
| [--[no-]fsmonitor-valid] |
| [--ignore-submodules] |
| [--[no-]split-index] |
| [--[no-|test-|force-]untracked-cache] |
| [--[no-]fsmonitor] |
| [--really-refresh] [--unresolve] [--again | -g] |
| [--info-only] [--index-info] |
| [-z] [--stdin] [--index-version <n>] |
| [--show-index-version] |
| [--verbose] |
| [--] [<file>…​]</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Modifies the index. Each file mentioned is updated into the index and |
| any <em>unmerged</em> or <em>needs updating</em> state is cleared.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>See also <a href="git-add.html">git-add(1)</a> for a more user-friendly way to do some of |
| the most common operations on the index.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The way <em>git update-index</em> handles files it is told about can be modified |
| using the various options:</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--add</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>If a specified file isn’t in the index already then it’s |
| added. |
| Default behaviour is to ignore new files.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--remove</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>If a specified file is in the index but is missing then it’s |
| removed. |
| Default behavior is to ignore removed files.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--refresh</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Looks at the current index and checks to see if merges or |
| updates are needed by checking stat() information.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">-q</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p> Quiet. If --refresh finds that the index needs an update, the |
| default behavior is to error out. This option makes |
| <em>git update-index</em> continue anyway.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-submodules</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Do not try to update submodules. This option is only respected |
| when passed before --refresh.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--unmerged</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p> If --refresh finds unmerged changes in the index, the default |
| behavior is to error out. This option makes <em>git update-index</em> |
| continue anyway.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-missing</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Ignores missing files during a --refresh</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--cacheinfo <mode>,<object>,<path></dt> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--cacheinfo <mode> <object> <path></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Directly insert the specified info into the index. For |
| backward compatibility, you can also give these three |
| arguments as three separate parameters, but new users are |
| encouraged to use a single-parameter form.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--index-info</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Read index information from stdin.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--chmod=(+|-)x</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Set the execute permissions on the updated files.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]assume-unchanged</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>When this flag is specified, the object names recorded |
| for the paths are not updated. Instead, this option |
| sets/unsets the "assume unchanged" bit for the |
| paths. When the "assume unchanged" bit is on, the user |
| promises not to change the file and allows Git to assume |
| that the working tree file matches what is recorded in |
| the index. If you want to change the working tree file, |
| you need to unset the bit to tell Git. This is |
| sometimes helpful when working with a big project on a |
| filesystem that has a very slow lstat(2) system call |
| (e.g. cifs).</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Git will fail (gracefully) in case it needs to modify this file |
| in the index e.g. when merging in a commit; |
| thus, in case the assumed-untracked file is changed upstream, |
| you will need to handle the situation manually.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--really-refresh</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Like <code>--refresh</code>, but checks stat information unconditionally, |
| without regard to the "assume unchanged" setting.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]skip-worktree</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>When one of these flags is specified, the object names recorded |
| for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options |
| set and unset the "skip-worktree" bit for the paths. See |
| section "Skip-worktree bit" below for more information.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]ignore-skip-worktree-entries</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Do not remove skip-worktree (AKA "index-only") entries even when |
| the <code>--remove</code> option was specified.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]fsmonitor-valid</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>When one of these flags is specified, the object names recorded |
| for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options |
| set and unset the "fsmonitor valid" bit for the paths. See |
| section "File System Monitor" below for more information.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">-g</dt> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--again</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Runs <em>git update-index</em> itself on the paths whose index |
| entries are different from those of the <code>HEAD</code> commit.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--unresolve</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Restores the <em>unmerged</em> or <em>needs updating</em> state of a |
| file during a merge if it was cleared by accident.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--info-only</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Do not create objects in the object database for all |
| <file> arguments that follow this flag; just insert |
| their object IDs into the index.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--force-remove</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Remove the file from the index even when the working directory |
| still has such a file. (Implies --remove.)</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--replace</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>By default, when a file <code>path</code> exists in the index, |
| <em>git update-index</em> refuses an attempt to add <code>path/file</code>. |
| Similarly if a file <code>path/file</code> exists, a file <code>path</code> |
| cannot be added. With --replace flag, existing entries |
| that conflict with the entry being added are |
| automatically removed with warning messages.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--stdin</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Instead of taking a list of paths from the command line, |
| read a list of paths from the standard input. Paths are |
| separated by LF (i.e. one path per line) by default.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--verbose</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Report what is being added and removed from the index.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--index-version <n></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Write the resulting index out in the named on-disk format version. |
| Supported versions are 2, 3, and 4. The current default version is 2 |
| or 3, depending on whether extra features are used, such as |
| <code>git</code> <code>add</code> <code>-N</code>. With <code>--verbose</code>, also report the version the index |
| file uses before and after this command.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Version 4 performs a simple pathname compression that reduces index |
| size by 30%-50% on large repositories, which results in faster load |
| time. Git supports it since version 1.8.0, released in October 2012, |
| and support for it was added to libgit2 in 2016 and to JGit in 2020. |
| Older versions of this manual page called it "relatively young", but |
| it should be considered mature technology these days.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--show-index-version</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Report the index format version used by the on-disk index file. |
| See <code>--index-version</code> above.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">-z</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Only meaningful with <code>--stdin</code> or <code>--index-info</code>; paths are |
| separated with NUL character instead of LF.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--split-index</dt> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-split-index</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Enable or disable split index mode. If split-index mode is |
| already enabled and <code>--split-index</code> is given again, all |
| changes in $GIT_DIR/index are pushed back to the shared index |
| file.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>These options take effect whatever the value of the <code>core.splitIndex</code> |
| configuration variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). But a warning is |
| emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as the |
| configured value will take effect next time the index is read and this |
| will remove the intended effect of the option.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--untracked-cache</dt> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-untracked-cache</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Enable or disable untracked cache feature. Please use |
| <code>--test-untracked-cache</code> before enabling it.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>These options take effect whatever the value of the <code>core.untrackedCache</code> |
| configuration variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). But a warning is |
| emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as the |
| configured value will take effect next time the index is read and this |
| will remove the intended effect of the option.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--test-untracked-cache</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Only perform tests on the working directory to make sure |
| untracked cache can be used. You have to manually enable |
| untracked cache using <code>--untracked-cache</code> or |
| <code>--force-untracked-cache</code> or the <code>core.untrackedCache</code> |
| configuration variable afterwards if you really want to use |
| it. If a test fails the exit code is 1 and a message |
| explains what is not working as needed, otherwise the exit |
| code is 0 and OK is printed.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--force-untracked-cache</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Same as <code>--untracked-cache</code>. Provided for backwards |
| compatibility with older versions of Git where |
| <code>--untracked-cache</code> used to imply <code>--test-untracked-cache</code> but |
| this option would enable the extension unconditionally.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--fsmonitor</dt> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-fsmonitor</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Enable or disable files system monitor feature. These options |
| take effect whatever the value of the <code>core.fsmonitor</code> |
| configuration variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). But a warning |
| is emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as |
| the configured value will take effect next time the index is |
| read and this will remove the intended effect of the option.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Do not interpret any more arguments as options.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><file></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Files to act on. |
| Note that files beginning with <em>.</em> are discarded. This includes |
| .<code>/file</code> and <code>dir/./file</code>. If you don’t want this, then use |
| cleaner names. |
| The same applies to directories ending <em>/</em> and paths with <em>//</em></p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_using_refresh">USING --REFRESH</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>--refresh</code> does not calculate a new sha1 file or bring the index |
| up to date for mode/content changes. But what it <strong>does</strong> do is to |
| "re-match" the stat information of a file with the index, so that you |
| can refresh the index for a file that hasn’t been changed but where |
| the stat entry is out of date.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For example, you’d want to do this after doing a <em>git read-tree</em>, to link |
| up the stat index details with the proper files.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_using_cacheinfo_or_info_only">USING --CACHEINFO OR --INFO-ONLY</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>--cacheinfo</code> is used to register a file that is not in the |
| current working directory. This is useful for minimum-checkout |
| merging.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>To pretend you have a file at path with mode and sha1, say:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>$ git update-index --add --cacheinfo <mode>,<sha1>,<path></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>--info-only</code> is used to register files without placing them in the object |
| database. This is useful for status-only repositories.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Both <code>--cacheinfo</code> and <code>--info-only</code> behave similarly: the index is updated |
| but the object database isn’t. <code>--cacheinfo</code> is useful when the object is |
| in the database but the file isn’t available locally. <code>--info-only</code> is |
| useful when the file is available, but you do not wish to update the |
| object database.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_using_index_info">USING --INDEX-INFO</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>--index-info</code> is a more powerful mechanism that lets you feed |
| multiple entry definitions from the standard input, and designed |
| specifically for scripts. It can take inputs of three formats:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="olist arabic"> |
| <ol class="arabic"> |
| <li> |
| <p>mode SP type SP sha1 TAB path</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This format is to stuff <code>git</code> <code>ls-tree</code> output into the index.</p> |
| </div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>mode SP sha1 SP stage TAB path</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This format is to put higher order stages into the |
| index file and matches <em>git ls-files --stage</em> output.</p> |
| </div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>mode SP sha1 TAB path</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This format is no longer produced by any Git command, but is |
| and will continue to be supported by <code>update-index</code> <code>--index-info</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| </li> |
| </ol> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>To place a higher stage entry to the index, the path should |
| first be removed by feeding a mode=0 entry for the path, and |
| then feeding necessary input lines in the third format.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For example, starting with this index:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>$ git ls-files -s |
| 100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 0 frotz</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>you can feed the following input to <code>--index-info</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>$ git update-index --index-info |
| 0 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 frotz |
| 100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 1 frotz |
| 100755 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 2 frotz</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The first line of the input feeds 0 as the mode to remove the |
| path; the SHA-1 does not matter as long as it is well formatted. |
| Then the second and third line feeds stage 1 and stage 2 entries |
| for that path. After the above, we would end up with this:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>$ git ls-files -s |
| 100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 1 frotz |
| 100755 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 2 frotz</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_using_assume_unchanged_bit">USING “ASSUME UNCHANGED” BIT</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Many operations in Git depend on your filesystem to have an |
| efficient <code>lstat</code>(<code>2</code>) implementation, so that <code>st_mtime</code> |
| information for working tree files can be cheaply checked to see |
| if the file contents have changed from the version recorded in |
| the index file. Unfortunately, some filesystems have |
| inefficient <code>lstat</code>(<code>2</code>). If your filesystem is one of them, you |
| can set "assume unchanged" bit to paths you have not changed to |
| cause Git not to do this check. Note that setting this bit on a |
| path does not mean Git will check the contents of the file to |
| see if it has changed — it makes Git to omit any checking and |
| assume it has <strong>not</strong> changed. When you make changes to working |
| tree files, you have to explicitly tell Git about it by dropping |
| "assume unchanged" bit, either before or after you modify them.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In order to set "assume unchanged" bit, use <code>--assume-unchanged</code> |
| option. To unset, use <code>--no-assume-unchanged</code>. To see which files |
| have the "assume unchanged" bit set, use <code>git</code> <code>ls-files</code> <code>-v</code> |
| (see <a href="git-ls-files.html">git-ls-files(1)</a>).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The command looks at <code>core.ignorestat</code> configuration variable. When |
| this is true, paths updated with <code>git</code> <code>update-index</code> <code>paths..</code>. and |
| paths updated with other Git commands that update both index and |
| working tree (e.g. <em>git apply --index</em>, <em>git checkout-index -u</em>, |
| and <em>git read-tree -u</em>) are automatically marked as "assume |
| unchanged". Note that "assume unchanged" bit is <strong>not</strong> set if |
| <code>git</code> <code>update-index</code> <code>--refresh</code> finds the working tree file matches |
| the index (use <code>git</code> <code>update-index</code> <code>--really-refresh</code> if you want |
| to mark them as "assume unchanged").</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Sometimes users confuse the assume-unchanged bit with the |
| skip-worktree bit. See the final paragraph in the "Skip-worktree bit" |
| section below for an explanation of the differences.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>To update and refresh only the files already checked out:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>$ git checkout-index -n -f -a && git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">On an inefficient filesystem with <code>core.ignorestat</code> set</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>$ git update-index --really-refresh <b class="conum">(1)</b> |
| $ git update-index --no-assume-unchanged foo.c <b class="conum">(2)</b> |
| $ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(3)</b> |
| $ edit foo.c |
| $ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(4)</b> |
| M foo.c |
| $ git update-index foo.c <b class="conum">(5)</b> |
| $ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(6)</b> |
| $ edit foo.c |
| $ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(7)</b> |
| $ git update-index --no-assume-unchanged foo.c <b class="conum">(8)</b> |
| $ git diff --name-only <b class="conum">(9)</b> |
| M foo.c</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="colist arabic"> |
| <ol> |
| <li> |
| <p>forces lstat(2) to set "assume unchanged" bits for paths that match index.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>mark the path to be edited.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>this does lstat(2) and finds index matches the path.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>this does lstat(2) and finds index does <strong>not</strong> match the path.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>registering the new version to index sets "assume unchanged" bit.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>and it is assumed unchanged.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>even after you edit it.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>you can tell about the change after the fact.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>now it checks with lstat(2) and finds it has been changed.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ol> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_skip_worktree_bit">SKIP-WORKTREE BIT</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Skip-worktree bit can be defined in one (long) sentence: Tell git to |
| avoid writing the file to the working directory when reasonably |
| possible, and treat the file as unchanged when it is not |
| present in the working directory.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Note that not all git commands will pay attention to this bit, and |
| some only partially support it.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The update-index flags and the read-tree capabilities relating to the |
| skip-worktree bit predated the introduction of the |
| <a href="git-sparse-checkout.html">git-sparse-checkout(1)</a> command, which provides a much easier |
| way to configure and handle the skip-worktree bits. If you want to |
| reduce your working tree to only deal with a subset of the files in |
| the repository, we strongly encourage the use of |
| <a href="git-sparse-checkout.html">git-sparse-checkout(1)</a> in preference to the low-level |
| update-index and read-tree primitives.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The primary purpose of the skip-worktree bit is to enable sparse |
| checkouts, i.e. to have working directories with only a subset of |
| paths present. When the skip-worktree bit is set, Git commands (such |
| as <code>switch</code>, <code>pull</code>, <code>merge</code>) will avoid writing these files. |
| However, these commands will sometimes write these files anyway in |
| important cases such as conflicts during a merge or rebase. Git |
| commands will also avoid treating the lack of such files as an |
| intentional deletion; for example <code>git</code> <code>add</code> <code>-u</code> will not stage a |
| deletion for these files and <code>git</code> <code>commit</code> <code>-a</code> will not make a commit |
| deleting them either.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Although this bit looks similar to assume-unchanged bit, its goal is |
| different. The assume-unchanged bit is for leaving the file in the |
| working tree but having Git omit checking it for changes and presuming |
| that the file has not been changed (though if it can determine without |
| stat’ing the file that it has changed, it is free to record the |
| changes). skip-worktree tells Git to ignore the absence of the file, |
| avoid updating it when possible with commands that normally update |
| much of the working directory (e.g. <code>checkout</code>, <code>switch</code>, <code>pull</code>, |
| etc.), and not have its absence be recorded in commits. Note that in |
| sparse checkouts (setup by <code>git</code> <code>sparse-checkout</code> or by configuring |
| core.sparseCheckout to true), if a file is marked as skip-worktree in |
| the index but is found in the working tree, Git will clear the |
| skip-worktree bit for that file.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_split_index">SPLIT INDEX</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This mode is designed for repositories with very large indexes, and |
| aims at reducing the time it takes to repeatedly write these indexes.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In this mode, the index is split into two files, $GIT_DIR/index and |
| $GIT_DIR/sharedindex.<SHA-1>. Changes are accumulated in |
| $GIT_DIR/index, the split index, while the shared index file contains |
| all index entries and stays unchanged.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>All changes in the split index are pushed back to the shared index |
| file when the number of entries in the split index reaches a level |
| specified by the splitIndex.maxPercentChange config variable (see |
| <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Each time a new shared index file is created, the old shared index |
| files are deleted if their modification time is older than what is |
| specified by the splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire config variable (see |
| <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>To avoid deleting a shared index file that is still used, its |
| modification time is updated to the current time every time a new split |
| index based on the shared index file is either created or read from.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_untracked_cache">UNTRACKED CACHE</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This cache is meant to speed up commands that involve determining |
| untracked files such as <code>git</code> <code>status</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This feature works by recording the mtime of the working tree |
| directories and then omitting reading directories and stat calls |
| against files in those directories whose mtime hasn’t changed. For |
| this to work the underlying operating system and file system must |
| change the <code>st_mtime</code> field of directories if files in the directory |
| are added, modified or deleted.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>You can test whether the filesystem supports that with the |
| <code>--test-untracked-cache</code> option. The <code>--untracked-cache</code> option used |
| to implicitly perform that test in older versions of Git, but that’s |
| no longer the case.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>If you want to enable (or disable) this feature, it is easier to use |
| the <code>core.untrackedCache</code> configuration variable (see |
| <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>) than using the <code>--untracked-cache</code> option to |
| <code>git</code> <code>update-index</code> in each repository, especially if you want to do so |
| across all repositories you use, because you can set the configuration |
| variable to <code>true</code> (or <code>false</code>) in your <code>$HOME/.gitconfig</code> just once |
| and have it affect all repositories you touch.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When the <code>core.untrackedCache</code> configuration variable is changed, the |
| untracked cache is added to or removed from the index the next time a |
| command reads the index; while when <code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>|<code>force-</code>]<code>untracked-cache</code> |
| are used, the untracked cache is immediately added to or removed from |
| the index.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Before 2.17, the untracked cache had a bug where replacing a directory |
| with a symlink to another directory could cause it to incorrectly show |
| files tracked by git as untracked. See the "status: add a failing test |
| showing a core.untrackedCache bug" commit to git.git. A workaround for |
| that is (and this might work for other undiscovered bugs in the |
| future):</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>$ git -c core.untrackedCache=false status</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This bug has also been shown to affect non-symlink cases of replacing |
| a directory with a file when it comes to the internal structures of |
| the untracked cache, but no case has been reported where this resulted in |
| wrong "git status" output.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>There are also cases where existing indexes written by git versions |
| before 2.17 will reference directories that don’t exist anymore, |
| potentially causing many "could not open directory" warnings to be |
| printed on "git status". These are new warnings for existing issues |
| that were previously silently discarded.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>As with the bug described above the solution is to one-off do a "git |
| status" run with <code>core.untrackedCache=false</code> to flush out the leftover |
| bad data.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_file_system_monitor">FILE SYSTEM MONITOR</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This feature is intended to speed up git operations for repos that have |
| large working directories.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>It enables git to work together with a file system monitor (see |
| <a href="git-fsmonitor--daemon.html">git-fsmonitor--daemon(1)</a> |
| and the |
| "fsmonitor-watchman" section of <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a>) that can |
| inform it as to what files have been modified. This enables git to avoid |
| having to lstat() every file to find modified files.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When used in conjunction with the untracked cache, it can further improve |
| performance by avoiding the cost of scanning the entire working directory |
| looking for new files.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>If you want to enable (or disable) this feature, it is easier to use |
| the <code>core.fsmonitor</code> configuration variable (see |
| <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>) than using the <code>--fsmonitor</code> option to <code>git</code> |
| <code>update-index</code> in each repository, especially if you want to do so |
| across all repositories you use, because you can set the configuration |
| variable in your <code>$HOME/.gitconfig</code> just once and have it affect all |
| repositories you touch.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When the <code>core.fsmonitor</code> configuration variable is changed, the |
| file system monitor is added to or removed from the index the next time |
| a command reads the index. When <code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>fsmonitor</code> are used, the file |
| system monitor is immediately added to or removed from the index.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The command honors <code>core.filemode</code> configuration variable. If |
| your repository is on a filesystem whose executable bits are |
| unreliable, this should be set to <em>false</em> (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). |
| This causes the command to ignore differences in file modes recorded |
| in the index and the file mode on the filesystem if they differ only on |
| executable bit. On such an unfortunate filesystem, you may |
| need to use <em>git update-index --chmod=</em>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Quite similarly, if <code>core.symlinks</code> configuration variable is set |
| to <em>false</em> (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>), symbolic links are checked out |
| as plain files, and this command does not modify a recorded file mode |
| from symbolic link to regular file.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The command looks at <code>core.ignorestat</code> configuration variable. See |
| <em>Using "assume unchanged" bit</em> section above.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The command also looks at <code>core.trustctime</code> configuration variable. |
| It can be useful when the inode change time is regularly modified by |
| something outside Git (file system crawlers and backup systems use |
| ctime for marking files processed) (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The untracked cache extension can be enabled by the |
| <code>core.untrackedCache</code> configuration variable (see |
| <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_notes">NOTES</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Users often try to use the assume-unchanged and skip-worktree bits |
| to tell Git to ignore changes to files that are tracked. This does not |
| work as expected, since Git may still check working tree files against |
| the index when performing certain operations. In general, Git does not |
| provide a way to ignore changes to tracked files, so alternate solutions |
| are recommended.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For example, if the file you want to change is some sort of config file, |
| the repository can include a sample config file that can then be copied |
| into the ignored name and modified. The repository can even include a |
| script to treat the sample file as a template, modifying and copying it |
| automatically.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>, |
| <a href="git-add.html">git-add(1)</a>, |
| <a href="git-ls-files.html">git-ls-files(1)</a></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div id="footer"> |
| <div id="footer-text"> |
| Last updated 2025-02-14 21:38:14 -0800 |
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