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| </head> |
| <body class="manpage"> |
| <div id="header"> |
| <h1>git-pack-objects(1) Manual Page</h1> |
| <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <p>git-pack-objects - Create a packed archive of objects</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div id="content"> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="verseblock"> |
| <pre class="content"><em>git pack-objects</em> [-q | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied] |
| [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty] |
| [--local] [--incremental] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>] |
| [--revs [--unpacked | --all]] [--keep-pack=<pack-name>] |
| [--cruft] [--cruft-expiration=<time>] |
| [--stdout [--filter=<filter-spec>] | <base-name>] |
| [--shallow] [--keep-true-parents] [--[no-]sparse] |
| [--name-hash-version=<n>] [--path-walk] < <object-list></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Reads list of objects from the standard input, and writes either one or |
| more packed archives with the specified base-name to disk, or a packed |
| archive to the standard output.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A packed archive is an efficient way to transfer a set of objects |
| between two repositories as well as an access efficient archival |
| format. In a packed archive, an object is either stored as a |
| compressed whole or as a difference from some other object. |
| The latter is often called a delta.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The packed archive format (.pack) is designed to be self-contained |
| so that it can be unpacked without any further information. Therefore, |
| each object that a delta depends upon must be present within the pack.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A pack index file (.idx) is generated for fast, random access to the |
| objects in the pack. Placing both the index file (.idx) and the packed |
| archive (.pack) in the pack/ subdirectory of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY (or |
| any of the directories on $GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES) |
| enables Git to read from the pack archive.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>git unpack-objects</em> command can read the packed archive and |
| expand the objects contained in the pack into "one-file |
| one-object" format; this is typically done by the smart-pull |
| commands when a pack is created on-the-fly for efficient network |
| transport by their peers.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">base-name</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Write into pairs of files (.pack and .idx), using |
| <base-name> to determine the name of the created file. |
| When this option is used, the two files in a pair are written in |
| <base-name>-<SHA-1>.{pack,idx} files. <SHA-1> is a hash |
| based on the pack content and is written to the standard |
| output of the command.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--stdout</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Write the pack contents (what would have been written to |
| .pack file) out to the standard output.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--revs</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Read the revision arguments from the standard input, instead of |
| individual object names. The revision arguments are processed |
| the same way as <em>git rev-list</em> with the <code>--objects</code> flag |
| uses its <code>commit</code> arguments to build the list of objects it |
| outputs. The objects on the resulting list are packed. |
| Besides revisions, <code>--not</code> or <code>--shallow</code> <em><SHA-1></em> lines are |
| also accepted.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--unpacked</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This implies <code>--revs</code>. When processing the list of |
| revision arguments read from the standard input, limit |
| the objects packed to those that are not already packed.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--all</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This implies <code>--revs</code>. In addition to the list of |
| revision arguments read from the standard input, pretend |
| as if all refs under <code>refs/</code> are specified to be |
| included.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--include-tag</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Include unasked-for annotated tags if the object they |
| reference was included in the resulting packfile. This |
| can be useful to send new tags to native Git clients.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--stdin-packs[=<mode>]</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Read the basenames of packfiles (e.g., <code>pack-1234abcd.pack</code>) |
| from the standard input, instead of object names or revision |
| arguments. The resulting pack contains all objects listed in the |
| included packs (those not beginning with <code>^</code>), excluding any |
| objects listed in the excluded packs (beginning with <code>^</code>).</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When <code>mode</code> is "follow", objects from packs not listed on stdin receive |
| special treatment. Objects within unlisted packs will be included if |
| those objects are (1) reachable from the included packs, and (2) not |
| found in any excluded packs. This mode is useful, for example, to |
| resurrect once-unreachable objects found in cruft packs to generate |
| packs which are closed under reachability up to the boundary set by the |
| excluded packs.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Incompatible with <code>--revs</code>, or options that imply <code>--revs</code> (such as |
| <code>--all</code>), with the exception of <code>--unpacked</code>, which is compatible.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--cruft</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Packs unreachable objects into a separate "cruft" pack, denoted |
| by the existence of a .<code>mtimes</code> file. Typically used by <code>git</code> |
| <code>repack</code> <code>--cruft</code>. Callers provide a list of pack names and |
| indicate which packs will remain in the repository, along with |
| which packs will be deleted (indicated by the <code>-</code> prefix). The |
| contents of the cruft pack are all objects not contained in the |
| surviving packs which have not exceeded the grace period (see |
| <code>--cruft-expiration</code> below), or which have exceeded the grace |
| period, but are reachable from an other object which hasn’t.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When the input lists a pack containing all reachable objects (and lists |
| all other packs as pending deletion), the corresponding cruft pack will |
| contain all unreachable objects (with mtime newer than the |
| <code>--cruft-expiration</code>) along with any unreachable objects whose mtime is |
| older than the <code>--cruft-expiration</code>, but are reachable from an |
| unreachable object whose mtime is newer than the <code>--cruft-expiration</code>).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Incompatible with <code>--unpack-unreachable</code>, <code>--keep-unreachable</code>, |
| <code>--pack-loose-unreachable</code>, <code>--stdin-packs</code>, as well as any other |
| options which imply <code>--revs</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--cruft-expiration=<approxidate></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>If specified, objects are eliminated from the cruft pack if they |
| have an mtime older than <em><approxidate></em>. If unspecified (and |
| given <code>--cruft</code>), then no objects are eliminated.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--window=<n></dt> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--depth=<n></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>These two options affect how the objects contained in |
| the pack are stored using delta compression. The |
| objects are first internally sorted by type, size and |
| optionally names and compared against the other objects |
| within --window to see if using delta compression saves |
| space. --depth limits the maximum delta depth; making |
| it too deep affects the performance on the unpacker |
| side, because delta data needs to be applied that many |
| times to get to the necessary object.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50. The maximum |
| depth is 4095.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--window-memory=<n></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This option provides an additional limit on top of <code>--window</code>; |
| the window size will dynamically scale down so as to not take |
| up more than <em><n></em> bytes in memory. This is useful in |
| repositories with a mix of large and small objects to not run |
| out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take |
| advantage of the large window for the smaller objects. The |
| size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g". |
| <code>--window-memory=0</code> makes memory usage unlimited. The default |
| is taken from the <code>pack.windowMemory</code> configuration variable.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--max-pack-size=<n></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>In unusual scenarios, you may not be able to create files |
| larger than a certain size on your filesystem, and this option |
| can be used to tell the command to split the output packfile |
| into multiple independent packfiles, each not larger than the |
| given size. The size can be suffixed with |
| "k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB. |
| The default is unlimited, unless the config variable |
| <code>pack.packSizeLimit</code> is set. Note that this option may result in |
| a larger and slower repository; see the discussion in |
| <code>pack.packSizeLimit</code>.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--honor-pack-keep</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This flag causes an object already in a local pack that |
| has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it would have |
| otherwise been packed.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--keep-pack=<pack-name></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This flag causes an object already in the given pack to be |
| ignored, even if it would have otherwise been |
| packed. <em><pack-name></em> is the pack file name without |
| leading directory (e.g. <code>pack-123.pack</code>). The option could be |
| specified multiple times to keep multiple packs.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--incremental</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This flag causes an object already in a pack to be ignored |
| even if it would have otherwise been packed.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--local</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This flag causes an object that is borrowed from an alternate |
| object store to be ignored even if it would have otherwise been |
| packed.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--non-empty</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Only create a packed archive if it would contain at |
| least one object.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--progress</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Progress status is reported on the standard error stream |
| by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q |
| is specified. This flag forces progress status even if |
| the standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--all-progress</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>When --stdout is specified then progress report is |
| displayed during the object count and compression phases |
| but inhibited during the write-out phase. The reason is |
| that in some cases the output stream is directly linked |
| to another command which may wish to display progress |
| status of its own as it processes incoming pack data. |
| This flag is like --progress except that it forces progress |
| report for the write-out phase as well even if --stdout is |
| used.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--all-progress-implied</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This is used to imply --all-progress whenever progress display |
| is activated. Unlike --all-progress this flag doesn’t actually |
| force any progress display by itself.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">-q</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This flag makes the command not to report its progress |
| on the standard error stream.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-reuse-delta</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>When creating a packed archive in a repository that |
| has existing packs, the command reuses existing deltas. |
| This sometimes results in a slightly suboptimal pack. |
| This flag tells the command not to reuse existing deltas |
| but compute them from scratch.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-reuse-object</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This flag tells the command not to reuse existing object data at all, |
| including non deltified object, forcing recompression of everything. |
| This implies --no-reuse-delta. Useful only in the obscure case where |
| wholesale enforcement of a different compression level on the |
| packed data is desired.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--compression=<n></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Specifies compression level for newly-compressed data in the |
| generated pack. If not specified, pack compression level is |
| determined first by pack.compression, then by core.compression, |
| and defaults to -1, the zlib default, if neither is set. |
| Add --no-reuse-object if you want to force a uniform compression |
| level on all data no matter the source.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--sparse</dt> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-sparse</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Toggle the "sparse" algorithm to determine which objects to include in |
| the pack, when combined with the "--revs" option. This algorithm |
| only walks trees that appear in paths that introduce new objects. |
| This can have significant performance benefits when computing |
| a pack to send a small change. However, it is possible that extra |
| objects are added to the pack-file if the included commits contain |
| certain types of direct renames. If this option is not included, |
| it defaults to the value of <code>pack.useSparse</code>, which is true unless |
| otherwise specified.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--thin</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Create a "thin" pack by omitting the common objects between a |
| sender and a receiver in order to reduce network transfer. This |
| option only makes sense in conjunction with --stdout.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Note: A thin pack violates the packed archive format by omitting |
| required objects and is thus unusable by Git without making it |
| self-contained. Use <code>git</code> <code>index-pack</code> <code>--fix-thin</code> |
| (see <a href="git-index-pack.html">git-index-pack(1)</a>) to restore the self-contained property.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--shallow</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Optimize a pack that will be provided to a client with a shallow |
| repository. This option, combined with --thin, can result in a |
| smaller pack at the cost of speed.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--delta-base-offset</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>A packed archive can express the base object of a delta as |
| either a 20-byte object name or as an offset in the |
| stream, but ancient versions of Git don’t understand the |
| latter. By default, <em>git pack-objects</em> only uses the |
| former format for better compatibility. This option |
| allows the command to use the latter format for |
| compactness. Depending on the average delta chain |
| length, this option typically shrinks the resulting |
| packfile by 3-5 per-cent.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Note: Porcelain commands such as <code>git</code> <code>gc</code> (see <a href="git-gc.html">git-gc(1)</a>), |
| <code>git</code> <code>repack</code> (see <a href="git-repack.html">git-repack(1)</a>) pass this option by default |
| in modern Git when they put objects in your repository into pack files. |
| So does <code>git</code> <code>bundle</code> (see <a href="git-bundle.html">git-bundle(1)</a>) when it creates a bundle.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--threads=<n></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best |
| delta matches. This requires that pack-objects be compiled with |
| pthreads otherwise this option is ignored with a warning. |
| This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor machines. |
| The required amount of memory for the delta search window is |
| however multiplied by the number of threads. |
| Specifying 0 will cause Git to auto-detect the number of CPU’s |
| and set the number of threads accordingly.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--index-version=<version>[,<offset>]</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>This is intended to be used by the test suite only. It allows |
| to force the version for the generated pack index, and to force |
| 64-bit index entries on objects located above the given offset.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--keep-true-parents</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed |
| nevertheless.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--filter=<filter-spec></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Omits certain objects (usually blobs) from the resulting |
| packfile. See <a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list(1)</a> for valid |
| <em><filter-spec></em> forms.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--no-filter</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Turns off any previous <code>--filter=</code> argument.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--missing=<missing-action></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>A debug option to help with future "partial clone" development. |
| This option specifies how missing objects are handled.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The form <em>--missing=error</em> requests that pack-objects stop with an error if |
| a missing object is encountered. If the repository is a partial clone, an |
| attempt to fetch missing objects will be made before declaring them missing. |
| This is the default action.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The form <em>--missing=allow-any</em> will allow object traversal to continue |
| if a missing object is encountered. No fetch of a missing object will occur. |
| Missing objects will silently be omitted from the results.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The form <em>--missing=allow-promisor</em> is like <em>allow-any</em>, but will only |
| allow object traversal to continue for EXPECTED promisor missing objects. |
| No fetch of a missing object will occur. An unexpected missing object will |
| raise an error.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--exclude-promisor-objects</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Omit objects that are known to be in the promisor remote. (This |
| option has the purpose of operating only on locally created objects, |
| so that when we repack, we still maintain a distinction between |
| locally created objects [without .promisor] and objects from the |
| promisor remote [with .promisor].) This is used with partial clone.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--keep-unreachable</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Objects unreachable from the refs in packs named with |
| --unpacked= option are added to the resulting pack, in |
| addition to the reachable objects that are not in packs marked |
| with *.keep files. This implies <code>--revs</code>.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--pack-loose-unreachable</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Pack unreachable loose objects (and their loose counterparts |
| removed). This implies <code>--revs</code>.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--unpack-unreachable</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Keep unreachable objects in loose form. This implies <code>--revs</code>.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--delta-islands</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Restrict delta matches based on "islands". See DELTA ISLANDS |
| below.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--name-hash-version=<n></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>While performing delta compression, Git groups objects that may be |
| similar based on heuristics using the path to that object. While |
| grouping objects by an exact path match is good for paths with |
| many versions, there are benefits for finding delta pairs across |
| different full paths. Git collects objects by type and then by a |
| "name hash" of the path and then by size, hoping to group objects |
| that will compress well together.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The default name hash version is <code>1</code>, which prioritizes hash locality by |
| considering the final bytes of the path as providing the maximum magnitude |
| to the hash function. This version excels at distinguishing short paths |
| and finding renames across directories. However, the hash function depends |
| primarily on the final 16 bytes of the path. If there are many paths in |
| the repo that have the same final 16 bytes and differ only by parent |
| directory, then this name-hash may lead to too many collisions and cause |
| poor results. At the moment, this version is required when writing |
| reachability bitmap files with <code>--write-bitmap-index</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The name hash version <code>2</code> has similar locality features as version <code>1</code>, |
| except it considers each path component separately and overlays the hashes |
| with a shift. This still prioritizes the final bytes of the path, but also |
| "salts" the lower bits of the hash using the parent directory names. This |
| method allows for some of the locality benefits of version <code>1</code> while |
| breaking most of the collisions from a similarly-named file appearing in |
| many different directories. At the moment, this version is not allowed |
| when writing reachability bitmap files with <code>--write-bitmap-index</code> and it |
| will be automatically changed to version <code>1</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">--path-walk</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Perform compression by first organizing objects by path, then a |
| second pass that compresses across paths as normal. This has the |
| potential to improve delta compression especially in the presence |
| of filenames that cause collisions in Git’s default name-hash |
| algorithm.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Incompatible with <code>--delta-islands</code>, <code>--shallow</code>, or <code>--filter</code>. The |
| <code>--use-bitmap-index</code> option will be ignored in the presence of |
| <code>--path-walk.</code></p> |
| </div> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_delta_islands">DELTA ISLANDS</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When possible, <code>pack-objects</code> tries to reuse existing on-disk deltas to |
| avoid having to search for new ones on the fly. This is an important |
| optimization for serving fetches, because it means the server can avoid |
| inflating most objects at all and just send the bytes directly from |
| disk. This optimization can’t work when an object is stored as a delta |
| against a base which the receiver does not have (and which we are not |
| already sending). In that case the server "breaks" the delta and has to |
| find a new one, which has a high CPU cost. Therefore it’s important for |
| performance that the set of objects in on-disk delta relationships match |
| what a client would fetch.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In a normal repository, this tends to work automatically. The objects |
| are mostly reachable from the branches and tags, and that’s what clients |
| fetch. Any deltas we find on the server are likely to be between objects |
| the client has or will have.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>But in some repository setups, you may have several related but separate |
| groups of ref tips, with clients tending to fetch those groups |
| independently. For example, imagine that you are hosting several "forks" |
| of a repository in a single shared object store, and letting clients |
| view them as separate repositories through <code>GIT_NAMESPACE</code> or separate |
| repos using the alternates mechanism. A naive repack may find that the |
| optimal delta for an object is against a base that is only found in |
| another fork. But when a client fetches, they will not have the base |
| object, and we’ll have to find a new delta on the fly.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>A similar situation may exist if you have many refs outside of |
| <code>refs/heads/</code> and <code>refs/tags/</code> that point to related objects (e.g., |
| <code>refs/pull</code> or <code>refs/changes</code> used by some hosting providers). By |
| default, clients fetch only heads and tags, and deltas against objects |
| found only in those other groups cannot be sent as-is.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Delta islands solve this problem by allowing you to group your refs into |
| distinct "islands". Pack-objects computes which objects are reachable |
| from which islands, and refuses to make a delta from an object <code>A</code> |
| against a base which is not present in all of <code>A</code>'s islands. This |
| results in slightly larger packs (because we miss some delta |
| opportunities), but guarantees that a fetch of one island will not have |
| to recompute deltas on the fly due to crossing island boundaries.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When repacking with delta islands the delta window tends to get |
| clogged with candidates that are forbidden by the config. Repacking |
| with a big --window helps (and doesn’t take as long as it otherwise |
| might because we can reject some object pairs based on islands before |
| doing any computation on the content).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Islands are configured via the <code>pack.island</code> option, which can be |
| specified multiple times. Each value is a left-anchored regular |
| expressions matching refnames. For example:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>[pack] |
| island = refs/heads/ |
| island = refs/tags/</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>puts heads and tags into an island (whose name is the empty string; see |
| below for more on naming). Any refs which do not match those regular |
| expressions (e.g., <code>refs/pull/123</code>) is not in any island. Any object |
| which is reachable only from <code>refs/pull/</code> (but not heads or tags) is |
| therefore not a candidate to be used as a base for <code>refs/heads/</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Refs are grouped into islands based on their "names", and two regexes |
| that produce the same name are considered to be in the same |
| island. The names are computed from the regexes by concatenating any |
| capture groups from the regex, with a <em>-</em> dash in between. (And if |
| there are no capture groups, then the name is the empty string, as in |
| the above example.) This allows you to create arbitrary numbers of |
| islands. Only up to 14 such capture groups are supported though.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For example, imagine you store the refs for each fork in |
| <code>refs/virtual/ID</code>, where <code>ID</code> is a numeric identifier. You might then |
| configure:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>[pack] |
| island = refs/virtual/([0-9]+)/heads/ |
| island = refs/virtual/([0-9]+)/tags/ |
| island = refs/virtual/([0-9]+)/(pull)/</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>That puts the heads and tags for each fork in their own island (named |
| "1234" or similar), and the pull refs for each go into their own |
| "1234-pull".</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Note that we pick a single island for each regex to go into, using "last |
| one wins" ordering (which allows repo-specific config to take precedence |
| over user-wide config, and so forth).</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Various configuration variables affect packing, see |
| <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> (search for "pack" and "delta").</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Notably, delta compression is not used on objects larger than the |
| <code>core.bigFileThreshold</code> configuration variable and on files with the |
| attribute <code>delta</code> set to false.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list(1)</a> |
| <a href="git-repack.html">git-repack(1)</a> |
| <a href="git-prune-packed.html">git-prune-packed(1)</a></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div id="footer"> |
| <div id="footer-text"> |
| Last updated 2025-08-25 14:46:08 -0700 |
| </div> |
| </div> |
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