| Path: cwi.nl!sun4nl!EU.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunic!sunic.sunet.se!news.funet.fi!news.helsinki.fi!usenet |
| From: Peter Jones <thanatos@drealm.org> |
| Newsgroups: comp.os.linux.announce |
| Subject: Linux Console Terminal Documentation |
| Followup-To: comp.os.linux.misc |
| Date: Sat, 30 Sep 95 16:37:05 GMT |
| Organization: ? |
| Lines: 331 |
| Approved: linux-announce@news.ornl.gov (Lars Wirzenius) |
| Message-ID: <cola-liw-812479025-13056-1@oravannahka.helsinki.fi> |
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| -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- |
| |
| I thought I'd do "something" for the Linux community (apart from |
| co-authoring drealmBBS :-)). |
| |
| So, here's my first (and maybe only) issue of the Linux Console Driver |
| documentation. Anyone wanting to take this on as a support task, feel |
| free - I _really_ don't have time to keep up with new 1.3.x kernels. |
| |
| - -- Peter |
| |
| Linux Console Driver |
| ==================== |
| ==================== |
| (Everything you ever wanted to know but couldn't be bothered to look in the |
| source for.) |
| |
| Author: Peter L Jones <thanatos@drealm.org> |
| ~Date: Wed Sep 27 19:12:25 BST 1995 |
| Kernel: 1.2.13 |
| Addendum for: 1.3.28 |
| |
| |
| General Processing |
| ================== |
| I don't use UTF. I've only covered it to the extent I can fathom from the |
| source. |
| |
| I've not documented "hardware scrollback". |
| |
| In UTF mode, once a complete character is assembled, it is translated. |
| |
| Otherwise, the character then has its top bit set if requested and is then |
| translated. |
| |
| A glyph is to be displayed if |
| * we've assembled a complete UTF character |
| * we translated it okay |
| * it's not a control character, or we're displaying control |
| characters |
| Otherwise, it might be a control character. |
| Otherwise it's ignored. |
| |
| |
| Glyphs |
| ====== |
| These are characters that make a mark on the display. |
| |
| You can never display the glyph for char(27) by transmitting ESC. |
| |
| You cannot display glyphs for any character in the Control Characters table, |
| unless enabled. |
| |
| If there is a "pending newline" |
| a crlf sequence is issued prior to the glyph. |
| |
| If we're in "insert mode", |
| the rest of the line is shifted right; the character in the |
| last column is lost. |
| |
| The glyph is then displayed. |
| |
| If the cursor is in the last column, |
| If automatic margins are turned on, |
| the "pending newline" state is set |
| otherwise, |
| the next glyph can overwrite this one. |
| Otherwise the cursor is advanced. |
| |
| |
| Control Characters |
| ================== |
| Control characters can occur during ESCape sequence processing. |
| |
| ^g bell - make a tone on the console speaker |
| ^h bs - cursor to previous character (backspace) |
| (will not wrap to previous line) |
| ^i tab - cursor to next tab position |
| ^j ^k ^l lf - cursor to next line, scroll if end of scrolling region |
| (linefeed); if CRLF mode select, cr as well |
| ^m cr - cursor to start of current line (carriage return) |
| ^n charset 1, translate table G1, display control characters |
| as glyphs |
| ^o charset 0, translate table G0, don't display control |
| characters as glyphs |
| {-- "charset" sets the current translate table; e.g. ^n sets charset |
| 1, translate table G1, display control characters as glyphs - followed by |
| ^[[10m would leave G1 in effect but disable display of control characters as |
| glyphs and display setting the top bit of glyphs --} |
| |
| ^x ^z cancel any ESCape sequence in progress |
| ^[ begin an ESCape sequence |
| ^? "delete" - ignored |
| 128+^[ begin a CSI sequence |
| |
| |
| ESCape Sequences |
| ================ |
| ^[[ begin a CSI sequence |
| ^[% begin a UTF control sequence |
| ^[( begin a set G0 sequence |
| ^[) begin a set G1 sequence |
| ^[# begin a DEC test sequence |
| ^[E cr, lf |
| ^[M ri - cursor up, reverse scroll if top of scrolling region |
| (reverse index) |
| ^[D lf |
| ^[H set tab in the current column |
| ^[Z request for terminal ID (response is ^[[?6c - VT102) |
| ^[7 store cursor position |
| ^[8 restore cursor position |
| ^[c reset terminal completely |
| ^[> Keypad is numeric (normal) |
| ^[= Keypad is application (act as function keys) |
| |
| |
| CSI sequences |
| ============= |
| |
| There are two formats. Function keys are indicated by CSI [ and are dealt |
| with later. The general format is CSI (i.e. ^[[), zero to 16 parameters and |
| a character to indicate the function being performed. E.g ^[[1;43;37m. |
| |
| Missing parameters are defaulted. Screen co-ordinates and movements start |
| at and default to 1 (unless otherwise stated). Parameters are named par1, |
| par2 etc in the following descriptions. |
| |
| CSI h and CSI l can have an optional ? after the CSI and before any |
| parameters. This indicates "DEC Private" modes. {-- Other manufacturers |
| use different characters to select their private modes - Linux doesn't |
| support any but DEC. --} |
| |
| CSI h Set Mode sequence |
| CSI l Clear Mode sequence |
| CSI n Request report: |
| par1 = 5 - Status report: response is ^[[0n (terminal okay) |
| par1 = 6 - Cursor report: response is ^[[y;xR - where y is |
| relative if origin mode is selected |
| CSI A Cursor Up by par1 lines |
| CSI F Cursor Up by par1 lines, and to start of line |
| CSI B CSI e Cursor Down by par1 lines |
| CSI E Cursor Down by par1 lines, and to start of line |
| CSI C CSI a Cursor Right by par1 characters |
| CSI D Cursor Left by par1 characters |
| CSI d Set cursor vertical position to par1 |
| CSI G CSI ` Set cursor horizonal position to par1 |
| CSI H CSI f Set cursor vertical position to par2 and horizontal position |
| to par1 |
| CSI L Insert par1 lines |
| CSI M Delete par1 lines |
| CSI @ Insert par1 characters |
| CSI P Delete par1 characters |
| CSI X Erase par1 characters (wraps around line ends) |
| CSI J Screen Erase sequence: |
| par1 = 0 - erase from cursor to end of display |
| par1 = 1 - erase from start of display to cursor |
| par1 = 2 - erase whole display |
| CSI K Line Clear sequence: |
| par1 = 0 - erase from cursor to end of line |
| par1 = 1 - erase from start of line to cursor |
| par1 = 2 - erase whole line |
| CSI c If par1 = 0 (default), requests terminal ID |
| (response is ^[[?6c - VT102) |
| CSI g Clear tabs: |
| par1 = 0 - Clears tab at the current column |
| par1 = 3 - Clears all tabs |
| CSI q Set LEDs = par1 indicates which LED to turn on - |
| 0 - none, 1 - , 2 - , 3 - . |
| CSI r Set scrolling region |
| par1 - top, default and minimum 1, must be less than par2 |
| par2 - bottom, default and maximum end of display |
| CSI s Store cursor position |
| CSI u Restore cursor position |
| CSI m Character Rendition sequence |
| CSI ] setterm(1) command sequence |
| |
| |
| Set and Clear Mode Sequences |
| - ---------------------------- |
| CSI h sets modes; CSI l clears modes. There are two sets of modes - |
| ANSI standard and DEC private. |
| |
| ANSI modes: |
| 3 Monitor (display control characters) |
| 4 Insert |
| 20 CRLF |
| |
| DEC modes: |
| 1 Cursor keys as application keys (send ^[Ox as appl, ^[[x as normal) |
| 3 80 (off) or 132 (on) columns |
| 5 Inverse video |
| 6 Origin mode (and go to origin) |
| 7 Autowrap (right margin) |
| 8 Autorepeat |
| 9 Mouse reports #1 |
| 25 Cursor visible |
| 1000 Mouse reports #2 |
| |
| |
| Character Rendition Sequences |
| - ----------------------------- |
| Each parameter is actioned in order. You cannot get bright backgrounds |
| (rather, I can't). {-- On SVR4, attribute code 6 is used for bright |
| background, if I remember correctly --} |
| |
| 0 default (intensity normal, underline off, blink off, normal video, |
| default colours (which start as white on black)) |
| 1 intensity bold |
| 2 intensity dim |
| 4 underline on |
| 5 blink on |
| 7 reverse video |
| 10 restore translate table, turn off display of control chars, don't |
| set the "top" bit of glyphs displayed |
| 11 disable the translate table, display control chars as glyphs, don't |
| set the "top" bit of glyphs displayed |
| 12 disable the translate table, display control chars as glyphs, |
| set the "top" bit of glyphs displayed |
| 21 22 intensity normal |
| 24 underline off |
| 25 blink off |
| 27 normal video |
| 38 underline on, set foreground colour to default |
| 39 underline off, set foreground colour to default |
| 49 set background colour to default |
| 30-37 set foreground colour (0-black, 1-red, 2-green, 3-brown, 4-blue, |
| 5-magenta, 6-cyan, 7-white) |
| 40-47 set background colour |
| |
| |
| Setterm Commmand Sequences |
| - -------------------------- |
| The command is in par1, followed by parameters. |
| |
| 1 Set underline colour - par2 is 0 to 15, which is 0 to 7 as above, |
| plus bold versions |
| 2 Set dim colour - par2 as above |
| 8 Store current attributes as defaults (so that CSI 0 m restores to |
| them) |
| 9 Set blanking interval to par2 minutes (max one hour) |
| |
| |
| UTF Control Sequences |
| ===================== |
| ^[%@ Turn off UTF |
| ^[%G ^[%8 Turn on UTF (^[%8 is deprecated) |
| |
| |
| G0/G1 Sequences |
| =============== |
| There are two character sets, known as G0 and G1. G0 is the default |
| character set. Each can be set to one of four mappings. The mappings, and |
| the sequences to select them, are: |
| |
| G0 G1 Map Name |
| - ---- ---- --- ---- |
| ^[(B ^[)B 0 Normal Map (default G0 map) |
| ^[(0 ^[)0 1 Graphics Map (default G1 map) |
| ^[(U ^[)U 2 Null Map |
| ^[(K ^[)K 3 User Map |
| |
| The maps themselves are defined in "consolemap.c". "Normal Map" translates |
| the standard IBM PC ROM character set to standard 8-bit ISO Latin-1. |
| "Graphics Map" translates to the VT100 character set in graphics mode. |
| "Null Map" passed the ROM characters straight through, except BS, CR, LF, |
| LL, SO, SI and ESC. "User Map" is available to be changed in the source or |
| by mapscrn(8). |
| |
| |
| DEC Test Sequences |
| ================== |
| Only one test, ^[#8, is defined. This fills the display with the character |
| 'E' to allow the display to be centred. |
| |
| |
| Addendum |
| ======== |
| The console driver changed in 1.3.x. This documents the changes between |
| 1.2.13 and 1.3.28. |
| |
| Each virtual console gains a palette, which defines the actual colours used |
| on the display (so you can get yellow rather than brown, for example). |
| |
| Font support is enhanced. |
| |
| In addition to ESC, some other control characters cannot have their glyphs |
| displayed - ^@ ^H ^J ^L ^M ^N ^O ^[. |
| |
| Hardware scrollback has been enhanced. |
| |
| The "Normal Map" has been renamed "Latin 1 Map" (LAT1_MAP). |
| |
| UTF support has been enhanced. |
| |
| (UTF mode can be used to display the excluded control characters - display |
| UTF character 0xF0cc, where cc is the hex code of the position in the ROM |
| character set to display.) |
| |
| A new set of Nonstandard Sequences is defined, prefixed by ESC ]. (setterm |
| commands are still CSI ].) |
| |
| Colour palette support is added. |
| |
| 512 byte font support is added. |
| |
| Font height support allows the screen to resize to fit the font. |
| |
| Nonstandard Sequences |
| - --------------------- |
| ^[]P Set palette |
| Seven parameters are collected |
| par1 is the palette element to redefine |
| par2, par3 set the red component |
| par4, par5 set the green component |
| par6, par7 set the blue component |
| ^[]R Resets the default palette |
| |
| |
| - -- |
| Send comp.os.linux.announce submissions to: linux-announce@news.ornl.gov |
| PLEASE remember a short description of the software. |
| |
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| Path: cwi.nl!sun4nl!EU.net!news.sprintlink.net!tank.news.pipex.net!pipex!dispatch.news.demon.net!demon!mail2news.demon.co.uk!drealm.demon.co.uk |
| From: Peter Jones <thanatos@drealm.org> |
| Newsgroups: comp.os.linux.misc |
| Subject: Re: Linux Console Terminal Documentation |
| Date: 30 Sep 1995 20:12:27 +0100 |
| Organization: drealm conference system +44 (0)181 568 2204 |
| Lines: 35 |
| Message-ID: <44k4qr$6aj@drealm.drealm.org> |
| References: <cola-liw-812479025-13056-1@oravannahka.helsinki.fi> |
| X-NNTP-Posting-Host: drealm.demon.co.uk |
| X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2] |
| |
| I (thanatos@drealm.org) wrote, in col-announce: |
| [chop chop] |
| : Nonstandard Sequences |
| : - --------------------- |
| : ^[]P Set palette |
| : Seven parameters are collected |
| : par1 is the palette element to redefine |
| : par2, par3 set the red component |
| : par4, par5 set the green component |
| : par6, par7 set the blue component |
| : ^[]R Resets the default palette |
| |
| |
| This should read (i.e. it makes sense...) like this: |
| |
| Nonstandard Sequences |
| --------------------- |
| ^[]P Set palette |
| Seven hex digits should follow (0-9, a-f, A-F): |
| 1 is the palette element to redefine |
| 2*16 + 3 set the red component |
| 4*16 + 5 set the green component |
| 6*16 + 7 set the blue component |
| ^[]R Resets the default palette |
| |
| |
| Hope that helps... |
| |
| (One day my "other" linux box (crash-n-burn...) will have colour...) |
| |
| -- Peter |
| -- |
| Drealm Conference System -- (+44) 181 568 2204 (V.FC) |
| The home of drealmBBS -------- six lines -- live chat |
| |
